7 research outputs found
Cortical circuits for visual processing and epileptic activity propagation
- Author
- Publication venue
- UCL (University College London)
- Publication date
- 28/02/2018
- Field of study
The thesis focuses on the relationship between cortical connectivity and cortical function. The first part investigates how the fine scale connectivity between visual neurons determines their functional responses during physiological sensory processing. The second part ascertains how the mesoscopic scale connectivity between brain areas constrains the spread of abnormal activity during the propagation of focal cortical seizures. Part 1: Neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) are tuned to retinotopic location, orientation and direction of motion. Such selectivity stems from the integration of inputs from hundreds of presynaptic neurons distributed across cortical layers. Yet, the functional principles that organize such presynaptic networks have only begun to be understood. To uncover them, I used monosynaptic rabies virus tracing to target a single pyramidal neuron in L2/3 (starter neuron) and trace its presynaptic partners. I combined this approach with two-photon microscopy in V1 to investigate the relationship between the activity of the starter cell, its presynaptic neurons and the surrounding excitatory population across cortical layers in awake animals. Part 2: Focal epilepsy involves excessive and synchronous cortical activity that propagates both locally and distally. Does this propagation follow the same functional circuits as normal cortical activity? I induced focal seizures in primary visual cortex (V1) of awake mice, and compared their propagation to the retinotopic organization of V1 and higher visual areas. I measured activity through simultaneous local field potential recordings and widefield calcium imaging, and observed prolonged seizures that were orders of magnitude larger than normal visual responses. I demonstrate that seizure start as standing waves (synchronous elevated activity in the focal V1 region and in corresponding retinotopic locations in higher areas) and then propagate both locally and into distal regions. These regions matched each other in retinotopy. I conclude that seizure propagation respects the connectivity underlying normal visual processing
Cabbage and fermented vegetables : From death rate heterogeneity in countries to candidates for mitigation strategies of severe COVID-19
- Author
- Abdul Latiff Amir Hamzah
- Abdullah Baharudin
- Aberer Werner
- Abusada Nancy
- Adcock Ian
- Afani Alejandro
- Agache Ioana
- Aggelidis Xenofon
- Agustin Jenifer
- Akdis Cezmi A.
- Akdis Cezmi A.
- Akdis Mubeccel
- Al-Ahmad Mona
- Al-Zahab Bassam Abou
- Alburdan Hussam
- Aldrey-Palacios Oscar
- Alvarez Cuesta Emilio
- Alwan Salman Hiba
- Alzaabi Ashraf
- Amade Salma
- Ambrocio Gene
- Angles Rosana
- Annesi-Maesano Isabella
- Ansotegui Ignacio J.
- Anto Josep M.
- Anto Josep M.
- Ara Bardajo Paula
- Arasi Stefania
- Arrais Margarete
- Arshad Hasan
- Artesani Maria-Cristina
- Asayag Estrella
- Avolio Francesca
- Azhari Khuzama
- Bachert Claus
- Bagnasco Diego
- Baiardini Ilaria
- Bajrovic Nissera
- Bakakos Petros
- Bakeyala Mongono Sergio
- Balotro-Torres Christine
- Barba Sergio
- Barbara Cristina
- Barbosa Elsa
- Barreto Bruno
- Bartra Joan
- Basagana Xavier
- Bateman Eric D.
- Battur Lkhagvaa
- Bedbrook Anna
- Bedolla Barajas Martin
- Beghe Bianca
- Bekere Antra
- Bel Elizabeth
- Ben Kheder Ali
- Bennoor Kazi S.
- Benson Mikael
- Berghea Elena-Camelia
- Bergmann Karl-Christian
- Bernardini Roberto
- Bernstein David
- Bewick Mike
- Bialek Slawomir
- Bialoszewski Artur
- Bieber Thomas
- Billo Nils E.
- Bilo Maria-Beatrice
- Bindslev-Jensen Carsten
- Bjermer Leif
- Blain Hubert
- Blain Hubert
- Bobolea Irina
- Bochenska Marciniak Malgorzata
- Bond Christine
- Boner Attilio
- Bonini Matteo
- Bonini Sergio
- Bosnic-Anticevich Sinthia
- Bosse Isabelle
- Botskariova Sofia
- Bouchard Jacques
- Boulet Louis-Philippe
- Bourret Rodolphe
- Bousquet Jean
- Bousquet Philippe
- Braido Fulvio
- Briggs Andrew
- Brightling Christopher E.
- Brozek Jan
- Brussino Luisa
- Buhl Roland
- Bumbacea Roxana
- Buquicchio Rosalva
- Burguete Cabanas Maria-Teresa
- Bush Andrew
- Busse William W.
- Buters Jeroen
- Caballero-Fonseca Fernan
- Calderon Moises A.
- Calvo Mario
- Camargos Paulo
- Camuzat Thierry
- Canevari F. R.
- Cano Antonio
- Canonica G. Walter
- Capriles-Hulett Arnaldo
- Caraballo Luis
- Cardona Vicky
- Carlsen Kai-Hakon
- Carmona Pirez Jonas
- Caro Jorge
- Carr Warner
- Carreiro-Martins Pedro
- Carreon-Asuncion Fredelita
- Carriazo Ana-Maria
- Carrion y Ribas Carme
- Casale Thomas
- Castor Mary-Ann
- Castro Elizabeth
- Caviglia A. G.
- Cecchi Lorenzo
- Cepeda Sarabia Alfonso
- Chalubinski Maciej
- Chandrasekharan Ramanathan
- Chang Yoon-Seok
- Chato-Andeza Victoria
- Chatzi Lida
- Chatzidaki Christina
- Chavannes Niels H.
- Chaves Loureiro Claudia
- Chavez Garcia Aurora-Alejandra
- Chelninska Marta
- Chen Yuzhi
- Cheng Lei
- Chinthrajah Sharon
- Chivato Tomas
- Chkhartishvili Ekaterine
- Christoff George
- Chrystyn Henry
- Chu Derek K.
- Chua Antonio
- Chuchalin Alexander
- Chung Kian Fan
- Ciceran Alberto
- Cingi Cemal
- Ciprandi Giorgio
- Cirule Ieva
- Coelho Ana-Carla
- Compalati Enrico
- Constantinidis Jannis
- Correia de Sousa Jaime
- Costa David
- Costa Elisio Manuel
- Coste Andre
- Cottini M.
- Cox Linda
- Crisci Carlos
- Crivellaro Maria Angiola
- Cruz Alvaro A.
- Cullen John
- Custovic Adnan
- Cvetkovski Biljana
- Czarlewski Wienczyslawa
- Czarlewski Wienczyslawa
- D'Amato Gennaro
- da Silva Jane
- Dahl Ronald
- Dahlen Sven-Erik
- Daniilidis Vasilis
- Darjazini Nahhas Louei
- Darsow Ulf
- Davies Janet
- de Blay Frederic
- De Feo Giulia
- De Guia Eloisa
- de la Luz Hortensia Garcia Cruz Maria
- de la Torre Navarrete Jose-Ricardo
- de los Santos Chato
- De Manuel Keenoy Esteban
- De Vries Govert
- De Wang Yun
- del Carmen Costa Dominguez Maria
- Deleanu Diana
- Demoly Pascal
- Denburg Judah
- Devillier Philippe
- Didier Alain
- Dimic Janjic Sanja
- Dimou Maria
- Dinh-Xuan Anh Tuan
- Djukanovic Ratko
- Do Ceu Texeira Maria
- Dokic Dejan
- Dominguez Silva Margarita Gabriela
- Douagui Habib
- Douladiris Nikolaos
- Doulaptsi Maria
- Dray Gerard
- Dubakiene Ruta
- Dupas Eve
- Durham Stephen
- Duse Marzia
- Dykewicz Mark
- Ebo Didier
- Edelbaher Natalija
- Eiwegger Thomas
- Eklund Patrik
- El-Gamal Yehia
- El-Sayed Shereen S.
- El-Sayed Zeinab A.
- El-Seify Magda
- Emuzyte Regina
- Enecilla Lourdes
- Erhola Marina
- Espinoza Contreras Jesus Guillermo
- Espinoza Heidilita
- Farrell John
- Fernandez Lenora
- Fimbres Jimenez Paola
- Fink Wagner Antje
- Fiocchi Alessandro
- Fokkens Wytske J.
- Folletti Lenia
- Fonseca Joao A.
- Fonseca Susana C.
- Fontaine Jean-Francois
- Forastiere Francesco
- Fuentes Perez Jose Miguel
- Gaerlan-Resureccion Emily
- Gaga Mina
- Galvez Romero Jose Luis
- Gamkrelidze Amiran
- Garcia Cobas Cecilia Yvonne
- Garcia Alexis
- Gayraud Jacques
- Gelardi Matteo
- Gemicioglu Bilun
- Gennimata Dimitra
- Genova Sonya
- Gereda Jose
- Gerth van Wijk Roy
- Giuliano Antonio
- Gomez Rene-Maximiliano
- Gonzalez Ballester Miguel-Ange
- Gonzalez Diaz Sandra
- Gotua Maia
- Grigoreas Christos
- Grisle Ineta
- Guidacci Marta
- Guldemond Nick
- Gutter Zdenek
- Guzman Antonieta
- Haahtela Tari
- Haahtela Tari
- Halloum Ramsa
- Halpin David
- Hamelmann Eckard
- Hammadi Suleiman
- Harvey Richard
- Heffler Enrico
- Heinrich Joachim
- Hejjaoui Adnan
- Hellquist-Dahl Birthe
- Hernandez Velazquez Luiana
- Hew Mark
- Hossny Elham
- Howarth Peter
- Hrubisko Martin
- Huerta Villalobos Yunuen Rocio
- Humbert Marc
- Husain Salina
- Hyland Michael
- Iaccarino Guido
- Iaccarino Guido
- Ibrahim Moustafa
- Ilina Nataliya
- Illario Maddalena
- Incorvaia Cristoforo
- Infantino Antonio
- Irani Carla
- Ispayeva Zhanat
- Ivancevich Juan Carlos
- Jares Edgardo E. J.
- Jarvis Deborah
- Jassem Ewa
- Jenko Klemen
- Jimeneracruz Uscanga Ruben Dario
- Johnston Sebastian L.
- Joos Guy
- Jost Maja
- Julge Kaja
- Jung Ki-Suck
- Just Jocelyne
- Jutel Marek
- Kaidashev Igor
- Kalayci Omer
- Kalyoncu Fuat
- Kapsali Jeni
- Kardas Przemyslaw
- Karjalainen Jussi
- Kasala Carmela A.
- Katotomichelakis Michael
- Kavaliukaite Loreta
- Keil Thomas
- Keith Paul
- Khaitov Musa
- Khaltaev Nikolai
- Kim You-Young
- Kirenga Bruce
- Kleine-Tebbe Jorg
- Klimek Ludger
- Ko Fanny W.
- Koffi N'Goran Bernard
- Kompoti Evangelia
- Kopac Peter
- Koppelman Gerard
- Koren Jeverica Anja
- Koskinen Seppo
- Kosnik Mitja
- Kostka Tomasz
- Kostov Kosta V.
- Kowalski Marek L.
- Kralimarkova Tanya
- Kramer Vrscaj Karmen
- Kraxner Helga
- Kreft Samo
- Kritikos Vicky
- Kudlay Dmitry
- Kuitunen Mikael
- Kull Inger
- Kuna Piotr
- Kupczyk Maciej
- Kvedariene Violeta
- Kyriakakou Marialena
- Lalek Nika
- Landi Massimo
- Lane Stephen
- Larenas-Linnemann Desiree E.
- Lau Susanne
- Laune Daniel
- Lavrut Jorge
- Le Lan
- Lenzenhuber Martina
- Leo Gualtiero
- Lessa Marcus
- Levin Michael
- Li Jing
- Lieberman Philip
- Liotta Giuseppe
- Lipworth Brian
- Liu Xuandao
- Lobo Rommel
- Lodrup Carlsen Karin C.
- Lombardi Carlo
- Louis Renaud
- Loukidis Stelios
- Lourenco Olga
- Luna Pech Jorge A.
- Madjar Bojan
- Maggi Enrico
- Magnan Antoine
- Mahboub Bassam
- Mair Alpana
- Maitland van der Zee Anke-Hilse
- Makela Mika
- Makris Michael
- Malling Hans-Jorgen
- Mandajieva Mariana
- Manning Patrick
- Manousakis Manolis
- Maragoudakis Pavlos
- Marseglia Gianluigi
- Marshall Gailen
- Masjedi Mohammad Reza
- Maspero Jorge F.
- Matta Campos Juan Jose
- Maurer Marcus
- Mavale-Manuel Sandra
- Meco Cem
- Melen Erik
- Melioli Giovanni
- Melo-Gomes Elisabete
- Meltzer Eli O.
- Menditto Enrica
- Menzies-Gow Andrew
- Merk Hans
- Michel Jean-Pierre
- Micheli Yann
- Miculinic Neven
- Midao Luis
- Mihaltan Florin
- Mikos Nikolaos
- Milanese Manlio
- Milenkovic Branislava
- Mitsias Dimitrios
- Moalla Bassem
- Moda Giuliana
- Mogica Martinez Maria Dolores
- Mohammad Yousser
- Moharra Frances-Montserrat
- Moin Mostafa
- Molimard Mathieu
- Momas Isabelle
- Mommers Monique
- Monaco Alessandro
- Montefort Stephen
- Montenegro Lucia-Elvira
- Monti Riccardo
- Mora Dory
- Morais-Almeida Mario
- Mosges Ralph
- Mostafa Badr Eldin
- Mullol Joaquim
- Munter Lars
- Muraro Antonella
- Murray Ruth
- Musarra Antonio
- Mustakov Tihomir
- Naclerio Robert
- Nadeau Kari C.
- Nadif Rachel
- Nakonechna Alla
- Namazova-Baranova Leyla
- Navarro-Locsin Gretchen
- Neffen Hugo
- Nekam Kristof
- Neou Angelos
- Nettis Eustachio
- Neuberger Daniel
- Nicod Laurent
- Nicola Stefania
- Niederberger-Leppin Verena
- Niedoszytko Marek
- Nieto Antonio
- Novellino Ettore
- Nunes Elizabete
- Nyembue Dieudonne
- O'Hehir Robyn E.
- Odjakova Cvetanka
- Ohta Ken
- Okamoto Yoshitaka
- Okubo Kimi
- Oliver Brian
- Onorato Gabrielle L.
- Orru Maria Pia
- Ortiz Valeria Garcia
- Ouedraogo Solange
- Ouoba Kampadilemba
- Padilla Francisco-Javier
- Paggiaro Pier Luigi
- Pagkalos Aris
- Pajno Giovanni
- Pala Gianni
- Palaniappan S. P.
- Pali-Scholl Isabella
- Palkonen Susanna
- Palmer Stephen
- Panaitescu Bunu Carmen
- Panzner Petr
- Papadopoulos Nikos G.
- Papanikolaou Vasilis
- Papi Alberto
- Paralchev Bojidar
- Paraskevopoulos Giannis
- Park Hae-Sim
- Passalacqua Giovanni
- Patella Vincenzo
- Pavord Ian
- Pawankar Ruby
- Pedersen Soren
- Peleve Susete
- Pellegino Simona
- Pereira Ana
- Pereira Mariana
- Perez Tamara
- Perna Andrea
- Peroni Diego
- Pfaar Oliver
- Pham-Thi Nhan
- Pigearias Bernard
- Pin Isabelle
- Pinto Barnaro Sousa
- Piskou Konstantina
- Pitsios Constantinos
- Plavec Davor
- Poethig Dagmar
- Pohl Wolfgang
- Poplas Susic Antonija
- Popov Todor A.
- Portejoie Fabienne
- Potter Paul
- Poulsen Lars
- Prados-Torres Alexandra
- Prarros Fotis
- Price David
- Prokopakis Emmanuel
- Puggioni Francesca
- Puig-Domenech Elisa
- Puy Robert
- Rabe Klaus
- Rabotti Silvia
- Raciborski Filip
- Ramos Josephine
- Recalcati Cristina
- Recto Marysia T.
- Reda Shereen M.
- Regateiro Frederico S.
- Reider Norbert
- Reitsma Sietze
- Repka-Ramirez Susana
- Ridolo Erminia
- Rimmer Janet
- Rivero Yeverino Daniela
- Rizzo Jose Angelo
- Robalo-Cordeiro Carlos
- Roberts Graham
- Robles Karen
- Roche Nicolas
- Rodriguez Gonzalez Monica
- Rodriguez Zagal Erendira
- Rolla Giovanni
- Rolland Christine
- Roller-Wirnsberger Regina
- Roman Rodriguez Miguel
- Romano Antonino
- Romantowski Jan
- Rombaux Philippe
- Romualdez Joel
- Rosado-Pinto Jose
- Rosario Nelson
- Rosenwasser Lanny
- Rossi Oliviero
- Rottem Menachem
- Rouadi Philip W.
- Rovina Nikoleta
- Rozman Sinur Irma
- Ruiz Segura Lucy Tania
- Ruiz Mauricio
- Ryan Dermot
- Sagara Hironori
- Sakai Daiki
- Sakurai Daiju
- Saleh Wafaa
- Salimaki Johanna
- Samitas Konstantinos
- Samolinski Boleslaw
- Sanchez Coronel Maria Guadalupe
- Sanchez-Borges Mario
- Sanchez-Lopez Jaime
- Sansonna Melissa
- Sarafoleanu Codrut
- Sarquis Serpa Faradiba
- Sastre Joaquin
- Savi Eleonora
- Savonyte Agne
- Sawaf Bisher
- Scadding Glenis K.
- Scheire Sophie
- Schmid-Grendelmeier Peter
- Schuhl Juan Francisco
- Schunemann Holger
- Schvalbova Maria
- Schwarze Jorgen
- Scichilone Nicola
- Senna Gianenrico
- Sepulveda Cecilia
- Serrano Elie
- Shamai Sara
- Sheikh Aziz
- Sheikh Aziz
- Shields Mike
- Shishkov Vasil
- Siafakas Nikos
- Simeonov Alexander
- Simons Estelle F. E. R.
- Sisul Juan Carlos
- Sitkauskiene Brigita
- Skrindo Ingelbjorg
- Soklic Kosak Tanja
- Sole Dirceu
- Sondermann Martin
- Sooronbaev Talant
- Soto-Martinez Manuel
- Soto-Quiros Manuel
- Sova Milan
- Soyka Michael
- Specjalski Krzysztof
- Sperl Annette
- Spranger Otto
- Stamataki Sofia
- Stefanaki Lina
- Stellato Cristiana
- Stelmach Rafael
- Strandberg Timo
- Stute Petra
- Subramaniam Abirami
- Suppli Ulrik Charlotte
- Sutherland Michael
- Sylvestre Silvia
- Syrigou Aikaterini
- Taborda Barata Luis
- Takovska Nadejda
- Tan Frances
- Tan Rachel
- Tan Vincent
- Tang Ing Ping
- Taniguchi Masami
- Tannert Line
- Tantilipikorn Pongsakorn
- Tattersall Jessica
- Tesi Filippo
- Thieme Uta
- Thijs Carel
- Thomas Mike
- To Teresa
- Todo-Bom Ana Maria
- Togias Alkis
- Tomazic Peter-Valentin
- Tomic-Spiric Vesna
- Toppila-Salmi Sanna
- Torres Jaen Maria-Jose
- Toskala Elina
- Tran Thien Quan Vu
- Triggiani Massimo
- Triller Katja
- Triller Nadja
- Tsiligianni Ioanna
- Uberti M.
- Ulmeanu Ruxandra
- Urbancic Jure
- Urrutia Pereira Marilyn
- Vachova Martina
- Valdes Felipe
- Valenta Rudolf
- Valentin Rostan Marylin
- Valero Antonio
- Valiulis Arunas
- Vallianatou Mina
- Valovirta Erkka
- Van Eerd Michiel
- Van Ganse Eric
- van Hage Marianne
- Vandenplas Olivier
- Vasankari Tuula
- Vassileva Dafina
- Velasco Munoz Cesar
- Ventura Maria Teresa
- Vera-Munoz Cecilia
- Viart Frederic
- Vicheva Dilyana
- Vichyanond Pakit
- Vidal Alain
- Vidgren Petra
- Viegi Giovanni
- Vogelmeier Claus
- Von Hertzen Leena
- Vontetsianos Theodoros
- Vourdas Dimitris
- Wagenmann Martin
- Walker Samantha
- Wallace Dana
- Waserman Susan
- Wehner Katrin
- Wickman Magnus
- Williams Dennis
- Williams Sian
- Wilson Nicola
- Wong Gary
- Woo Kent
- Wozniak Lucyna
- Wright John
- Wroczynski Piotr
- Xepapadaki Paraskevi
- Yakovliev Plamen
- Yamaguchi Masao
- Yan Kwok
- Yap Yoke Yeow
- Yassin Mais
- Yawn Barbara
- Yiallouros Panayiotis
- Yorgancioglu Arzu
- Yoshihara Shigemi
- Young Ian
- Yusuf Osman B.
- Zaidi Asghar
- Zaitoun Fares
- Zalud Petra
- Zar Heather
- Zedda M. T.
- Zernotti Mario E.
- Zhang Luo
- Zhong Nanshan
- Zidarn Mihaela
- Zuberbier Torsten
- Zuberbier Torsten
- Zubrinich Celia
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
Large differences in COVID-19 death rates exist between countries and between regions of the same country. Some very low death rate countries such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, or the Balkans have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods. Although biases exist when examining ecological studies, fermented vegetables or cabbage have been associated with low death rates in European countries. SARS-CoV-2 binds to its receptor, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). As a result of SARS-CoV-2 binding, ACE2 downregulation enhances the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT(1)R) axis associated with oxidative stress. This leads to insulin resistance as well as lung and endothelial damage, two severe outcomes of COVID-19. The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is the most potent antioxidant in humans and can block in particular the AT(1)R axis. Cabbage contains precursors of sulforaphane, the most active natural activator of Nrf2. Fermented vegetables contain many lactobacilli, which are also potent Nrf2 activators. Three examples are: kimchi in Korea, westernized foods, and the slum paradox. It is proposed that fermented cabbage is a proof-of-concept of dietary manipulations that may enhance Nrf2-associated antioxidant effects, helpful in mitigating COVID-19 severity.Peer reviewe
Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19 : time for research to develop adaptation strategies
- Author
- Abdul Latiff Amir Hamzah
- Abdullah Baharudin
- Aberer Werner
- Abusada Nancy
- Adcock Ian
- Afani Alejandro
- Agache Ioana
- Aggelidis Xenofon
- Agustin Jenifer
- Akdis Cezmi A.
- Akdis Cezmi A.
- Akdis Mubeccel
- Al-Ahmad Mona
- Al-Zahab Bassam Abou
- Alburdan Hussam
- Aldrey-Palacios Oscar
- Alvarez Cuesta Emilio
- Alwan Salman Hiba
- Alzaabi Ashraf
- Amade Salma
- Ambrocio Gene
- Angles Rosana
- Annesi-Maesano Isabella
- Ansotegui Ignacio J.
- Anto Josep M.
- Anto Josep M.
- Ara Bardajo Paula
- Arasi Stefania
- Arrais Margarete
- Arshad Hasan
- Artesani Maria-Cristina
- Asayag Estrella
- Avolio Francesca
- Azhari Khuzama
- Bachert Claus
- Bagnasco Diego
- Baiardini Ilaria
- Bajrovic Nissera
- Bakakos Petros
- Bakeyala Mongono Sergio
- Balotro-Torres Christine
- Barba Sergio
- Barbara Cristina
- Barbosa Elsa
- Barreto Bruno
- Bartra Joan
- Basagana Xavier
- Bateman Eric D.
- Battur Lkhagvaa
- Bedbrook Anna
- Bedolla Barajas Martin
- Beghe Bianca
- Bekere Antra
- Bel Elizabeth
- Ben Kheder Ali
- Bennoor Kazi S.
- Benson Mikael
- Berghea Elena-Camelia
- Bergmann Karl-Christian
- Bernardini Roberto
- Bernstein David
- Bewick Mike
- Bialek Slawomir
- Bialoszewski Artur
- Bieber Thomas
- Billo Nils E.
- Bilo Maria-Beatrice
- Bindslev-Jensen Carsten
- Bjermer Leif
- Blain Hubert
- Blain Hubert
- Bobolea Irina
- Bochenska Marciniak Malgorzata
- Bond Christine
- Boner Attilio
- Bonini Matteo
- Bonini Sergio
- Bosnic-Anticevich Sinthia
- Bosse Isabelle
- Botskariova Sofia
- Bouchard Jacques
- Boulet Louis-Philippe
- Bourret Rodolphe
- Bousquet Jean
- Bousquet Philippe
- Braido Fulvio
- Briggs Andrew
- Brightling Christopher E.
- Brozek Jan
- Brussino Luisa
- Buhl Roland
- Bumbacea Roxana
- Buquicchio Rosalva
- Burguete Cabanas Maria-Teresa
- Bush Andrew
- Busse William W.
- Buters Jeroen
- Caballero-Fonseca Fernan
- Calderon Moises A.
- Calvo Mario
- Camargos Paulo
- Camuzat Thierry
- Canevari F. R.
- Cano Antonio
- Canonica G. Walter
- Canonica G. Walter
- Capriles-Hulett Arnaldo
- Caraballo Luis
- Cardona Vicky
- Carlsen Kai-Hakon
- Carmona Pirez Jonas
- Caro Jorge
- Carr Warner
- Carreiro-Martins Pedro
- Carreon-Asuncion Fredelita
- Carriazo Ana-Maria
- Carrion y Ribas Carme
- Casale Thomas
- Castor Mary-Ann
- Castro Elizabeth
- Caviglia A. G.
- Cecchi Lorenzo
- Cepeda Sarabia Alfonso
- Chalubinski Maciej
- Chandrasekharan Ramanathan
- Chang Yoon-Seok
- Chato-Andeza Victoria
- Chatzi Lida
- Chatzidaki Christina
- Chavannes Niels H.
- Chaves Loureiro Claudia
- Chavez Garcia Aurora-Alejandra
- Chelninska Marta
- Chen Yuzhi
- Cheng Lei
- Chinthrajah Sharon
- Chivato Tomas
- Chkhartishvili Ekaterine
- Choi Hak-Jong
- Christoff George
- Chrystyn Henry
- Chu Derek K.
- Chua Antonio
- Chuchalin Alexander
- Chung Kian Fan
- Ciceran Alberto
- Cingi Cemal
- Ciprandi Giorgio
- Cirule Ieva
- Coelho Ana-Carla
- Compalati Enrico
- Constantinidis Jannis
- Correia de Sousa Jaime
- Costa David
- Costa Elisio Manuel
- Coste Andre
- Cottini M.
- Cox Linda
- Crisci Carlos
- Cristol Jean-Paul
- Crivellaro Maria Angiola
- Cruz Alvaro A.
- Cullen John
- Custovic Adnan
- Cvetkovski Biljana
- Czarlewski Wienczyslawa
- Czarlewski Wienczyslawa
- D'Amato Gennaro
- da Silva Jane
- Dahl Ronald
- Dahlen Sven-Erik
- Daniilidis Vasilis
- Darjazini Nahhas Louei
- Darsow Ulf
- Davies Janet
- de Blay Frederic
- De Feo Giulia
- De Guia Eloisa
- de la Luz Hortensia Garcia Cruz Maria
- de la Torre Navarrete Jose-Ricardo
- de los Santos Chato
- De Manuel Keenoy Esteban
- De Vries Govert
- De Wang Yun
- del Carmen Costa Dominguez Maria
- Deleanu Diana
- Demoly Pascal
- Denburg Judah
- Devillier Philippe
- Didier Alain
- Dimic Janjic Sanja
- Dimou Maria
- Dinh-Xuan Anh Tuan
- Djukanovic Ratko
- Do Ceu Texeira Maria
- Dokic Dejan
- Dominguez Silva Margarita Gabriela
- Douagui Habib
- Douladiris Nikolaos
- Doulaptsi Maria
- Dray Gerard
- Dubakiene Ruta
- Dupas Eve
- Durham Stephen
- Duse Marzia
- Dykewicz Mark
- Ebo Didier
- Edelbaher Natalija
- Eiwegger Thomas
- Eklund Patrik
- El-Gamal Yehia
- El-Sayed Shereen S.
- El-Sayed Zeinab A.
- El-Seify Magda
- Emuzyte Regina
- Enecilla Lourdes
- Erhola Marina
- Espinoza Contreras Jesus Guillermo
- Espinoza Heidilita
- Farrell John
- Fernandez Lenora
- Fimbres Jimenez Paola
- Fink Wagner Antje
- Fiocchi Alessandro
- Fiocchi Alessandro
- Fokkens Wytske J.
- Folletti Lenia
- Fonseca Joao A.
- Fonseca Joao A.
- Fonseca Susana C.
- Fontaine Jean-Francois
- Forastiere Francesco
- Fuentes Perez Jose Miguel
- Gaerlan-Resureccion Emily
- Gaga Mina
- Galvez Romero Jose Luis
- Gamkrelidze Amiran
- Garcia Cobas Cecilia Yvonne
- Garcia Alexis
- Gayraud Jacques
- Gelardi Matteo
- Gemicioglu Bilun
- Gennimata Dimitra
- Genova Sonya
- Gereda Jose
- Gerth van Wijk Roy
- Giuliano Antonio
- Gomez Rene-Maximiliano
- Gonzalez Ballester Miguel-Ange
- Gonzalez Diaz Sandra
- Gotua Maia
- Grigoreas Christos
- Grisle Ineta
- Guidacci Marta
- Guldemond Nick
- Gutter Zdenek
- Guzman Antonieta
- Haahtela Tari
- Haahtela Tari
- Halloum Ramsa
- Halpin David
- Hamelmann Eckard
- Hammadi Suleiman
- Harvey Richard
- Heffler Enrico
- Heinrich Joachim
- Hejjaoui Adnan
- Hellquist-Dahl Birthe
- Hernandez Velazquez Luiana
- Hew Mark
- Hossny Elham
- Howarth Peter
- Hrubisko Martin
- Huerta Villalobos Yunuen Rocio
- Humbert Marc
- Husain Salina
- Hyland Michael
- Iaccarino Guido
- Iaccarino Guido
- Ibrahim Moustafa
- Ilina Nataliya
- Illario Maddalena
- Incorvaia Cristoforo
- Infantino Antonio
- Irani Carla
- Ispayeva Zhanat
- Ivancevich Juan Carlos
- Jares Edgardo E. J.
- Jarvis Deborah
- Jassem Ewa
- Jenko Klemen
- Jimeneracruz Uscanga Ruben Dario
- Johnston Sebastian L.
- Joos Guy
- Jost Maja
- Julge Kaja
- Jung Ki-Suck
- Just Jocelyne
- Jutel Marek
- Kaidashev Igor
- Kalayci Omer
- Kalyoncu Fuat
- Kapsali Jeni
- Kardas Przemyslaw
- Karjalainen Jussi
- Kasala Carmela A.
- Katotomichelakis Michael
- Kavaliukaite Loreta
- Keil Thomas
- Keith Paul
- Khaitov Musa
- Khaltaev Nikolai
- Kim Hyun Ju
- Kim You-Young
- Kirenga Bruce
- Kleine-Tebbe Jorg
- Klimek Ludger
- Ko Fanny W.
- Koffi N'Goran Bernard
- Kompoti Evangelia
- Kopac Peter
- Koppelman Gerard
- Koren Jeverica Anja
- Koskinen Seppo
- Kosnik Mitja
- Kostka Tomasz
- Kostov Kosta V.
- Kowalski Marek L.
- Kralimarkova Tanya
- Kramer Vrscaj Karmen
- Kraxner Helga
- Kreft Samo
- Kritikos Vicky
- Kudlay Dmitry
- Kuitunen Mikael
- Kull Inger
- Kuna Piotr
- Kupczyk Maciej
- Kvedariene Violeta
- Kyriakakou Marialena
- Lalek Nika
- Landi Massimo
- Lane Stephen
- Larenas-Linnemann Desiree E.
- Lau Susanne
- Laune Daniel
- Lavrut Jorge
- Le Moing Vincent
- Le Lan
- Lenzenhuber Martina
- Leo Gualtiero
- Lessa Marcus
- Levin Michael
- Li Jing
- Lieberman Philip
- Liotta Giuseppe
- Lipworth Brian
- Liu Xuandao
- Lobo Rommel
- Lodrup Carlsen Karin C.
- Lombardi Carlo
- Louis Renaud
- Loukidis Stelios
- Lourenco Olga
- Luna Pech Jorge A.
- Madjar Bojan
- Maggi Enrico
- Magnan Antoine
- Mahboub Bassam
- Mair Alpana
- Maitland van der Zee Anke-Hilse
- Makela Mika
- Makris Michael
- Malling Hans-Jorgen
- Mandajieva Mariana
- Manning Patrick
- Manousakis Manolis
- Maragoudakis Pavlos
- Marseglia Gianluigi
- Marshall Gailen
- Martineau Adrian
- Masjedi Mohammad Reza
- Maspero Jorge F.
- Matta Campos Juan Jose
- Maurer Marcus
- Mavale-Manuel Sandra
- Meco Cem
- Melen Erik
- Melioli Giovanni
- Melo-Gomes Elisabete
- Meltzer Eli O.
- Menditto Enrica
- Menzies-Gow Andrew
- Merk Hans
- Michel Jean-Pierre
- Micheli Yann
- Miculinic Neven
- Midao Luis
- Mihaltan Florin
- Mikos Nikolaos
- Milanese Manlio
- Milenkovic Branislava
- Mitsias Dimitrios
- Moalla Bassem
- Moda Giuliana
- Mogica Martinez Maria Dolores
- Mohammad Yousser
- Moharra Frances-Montserrat
- Moin Mostafa
- Molimard Mathieu
- Momas Isabelle
- Mommers Monique
- Monaco Alessandro
- Montefort Stephen
- Montenegro Lucia-Elvira
- Monti Riccardo
- Mora Dory
- Morais-Almeida Mario
- Mosges Ralph
- Mostafa Badr Eldin
- Mullol Joaquim
- Munter Lars
- Muraro Antonella
- Murray Ruth
- Musarra Antonio
- Mustakov Tihomir
- Naclerio Robert
- Nadeau Kari C.
- Nadif Rachel
- Nakonechna Alla
- Namazova-Baranova Leyla
- Navarro-Locsin Gretchen
- Neffen Hugo
- Nekam Kristof
- Neou Angelos
- Nettis Eustachio
- Neuberger Daniel
- Nicod Laurent
- Nicola Stefania
- Niederberger-Leppin Verena
- Niedoszytko Marek
- Nieto Antonio
- Novellino Ettore
- Nunes Elizabete
- Nyembue Dieudonne
- O'Hehir Robyn E.
- Odjakova Cvetanka
- Ohta Ken
- Okamoto Yoshitaka
- Okubo Kimi
- Oliver Brian
- Onorato Gabrielle L.
- Orru Maria Pia
- Ortiz Valeria Garcia
- Ouedraogo Solange
- Ouoba Kampadilemba
- Padilla Francisco-Javier
- Paggiaro Pier Luigi
- Pagkalos Aris
- Pajno Giovanni
- Pala Gianni
- Palaniappan S. P.
- Pali-Scholl Isabella
- Palkonen Susanna
- Palmer Stephen
- Panaitescu Bunu Carmen
- Panzner Petr
- Papadopoulos Nikos G.
- Papanikolaou Vasilis
- Papi Alberto
- Paralchev Bojidar
- Paraskevopoulos Giannis
- Park Hae-Sim
- Passalacqua Giovanni
- Patella Vincenzo
- Pavord Ian
- Pawankar Ruby
- Pedersen Soren
- Peleve Susete
- Pellegino Simona
- Pereira Ana
- Pereira Mariana
- Perez Tamara
- Perna Andrea
- Peroni Diego
- Pfaar Oliver
- Pham-Thi Nhan
- Pigearias Bernard
- Pin Isabelle
- Pinto Barnaro Sousa
- Piskou Konstantina
- Pitsios Constantinos
- Plavec Davor
- Poethig Dagmar
- Pohl Wolfgang
- Poplas Susic Antonija
- Popov Todor A.
- Portejoie Fabienne
- Potter Paul
- Poulsen Lars
- Prados-Torres Alexandra
- Prarros Fotis
- Price David
- Prokopakis Emmanuel
- Puggioni Francesca
- Puig-Domenech Elisa
- Puy Robert
- Rabe Klaus
- Rabotti Silvia
- Raciborski Filip
- Ramos Josephine
- Recalcati Cristina
- Recto Marysia T.
- Reda Shereen M.
- Regateiro Frederico S.
- Reider Norbert
- Reitsma Sietze
- Repka-Ramirez Susana
- Reynes Jacques
- Ridolo Erminia
- Rimmer Janet
- Rivero Yeverino Daniela
- Rizzo Jose Angelo
- Robalo-Cordeiro Carlos
- Roberts Graham
- Robles Karen
- Roche Nicolas
- Rodriguez Gonzalez Monica
- Rodriguez Zagal Erendira
- Rolla Giovanni
- Rolland Christine
- Roller-Wirnsberger Regina
- Roman Rodriguez Miguel
- Romano Antonino
- Romantowski Jan
- Rombaux Philippe
- Romualdez Joel
- Rosado-Pinto Jose
- Rosario Nelson
- Rosenwasser Lanny
- Rossi Oliviero
- Rottem Menachem
- Rouadi Philip W.
- Rovina Nikoleta
- Rozman Sinur Irma
- Ruiz Segura Lucy Tania
- Ruiz Mauricio
- Ryan Dermot
- Sagara Hironori
- Sakai Daiki
- Sakurai Daiju
- Saleh Wafaa
- Salimaki Johanna
- Samitas Konstantinos
- Samolinski Boleslaw
- Sanchez Coronel Maria Guadalupe
- Sanchez-Borges Mario
- Sanchez-Lopez Jaime
- Sansonna Melissa
- Sarafoleanu Codrut
- Sarquis Serpa Faradiba
- Sastre Joaquin
- Savi Eleonora
- Savonyte Agne
- Sawaf Bisher
- Scadding Glenis K.
- Scheire Sophie
- Schmid-Grendelmeier Peter
- Schuhl Juan Francisco
- Schunemann Holger
- Schvalbova Maria
- Schwarze Jorgen
- Scichilone Nicola
- Senna Gianenrico
- Sepulveda Cecilia
- Serrano Elie
- Shamai Sara
- Sheikh Aziz
- Sheikh Aziz
- Shields Mike
- Shishkov Vasil
- Siafakas Nikos
- Simeonov Alexander
- Simons Estelle F. E. R.
- Sisul Juan Carlos
- Sitkauskiene Brigita
- Skrindo Ingelbjorg
- Soklic Kosak Tanja
- Sole Dirceu
- Sondermann Martin
- Sooronbaev Talant
- Soto-Martinez Manuel
- Soto-Quiros Manuel
- Sova Milan
- Soyka Michael
- Specjalski Krzysztof
- Sperl Annette
- Spranger Otto
- Stamataki Sofia
- Stefanaki Lina
- Stellato Cristiana
- Stelmach Rafael
- Strandberg Timo
- Stute Petra
- Subramaniam Abirami
- Suppli Ulrik Charlotte
- Sutherland Michael
- Sylvestre Silvia
- Syrigou Aikaterini
- Taborda Barata Luis
- Takovska Nadejda
- Tan Frances
- Tan Rachel
- Tan Vincent
- Tang Ing Ping
- Taniguchi Masami
- Tannert Line
- Tantilipikorn Pongsakorn
- Tattersall Jessica
- Tesi Filippo
- Thieme Uta
- Thijs Carel
- Thomas Mike
- To Teresa
- Todo-Bom Ana Maria
- Togias Alkis
- Tomazic Peter-Valentin
- Tomic-Spiric Vesna
- Toppila-Salmi Sanna
- Torres Jaen Maria-Jose
- Toskala Elina
- Tran Thien Quan Vu
- Triggiani Massimo
- Triller Katja
- Triller Nadja
- Tsiligianni Ioanna
- Uberti M.
- Ulmeanu Ruxandra
- Urbancic Jure
- Urrutia Pereira Marilyn
- Vachova Martina
- Valdes Felipe
- Valenta Rudolf
- Valentin Rostan Marylin
- Valero Antonio
- Valiulis Arunas
- Vallianatou Mina
- Valovirta Erkka
- Van Eerd Michiel
- Van Ganse Eric
- van Hage Marianne
- Vandenplas Olivier
- Vasankari Tuula
- Vassileva Dafina
- Velasco Munoz Cesar
- Ventura Maria Teresa
- Vera-Munoz Cecilia
- Viart Frederic
- Vicheva Dilyana
- Vichyanond Pakit
- Vidal Alain
- Vidgren Petra
- Viegi Giovanni
- Vogelmeier Claus
- Von Hertzen Leena
- Vontetsianos Theodoros
- Vourdas Dimitris
- Wagenmann Martin
- Walker Samantha
- Wallace Dana
- Waserman Susan
- Wehner Katrin
- Wickman Magnus
- Williams Dennis
- Williams Sian
- Wilson Nicola
- Wong Gary
- Woo Kent
- Wozniak Lucyna
- Wright John
- Wroczynski Piotr
- Xepapadaki Paraskevi
- Yakovliev Plamen
- Yamaguchi Masao
- Yan Kwok
- Yap Yoke Yeow
- Yassin Mais
- Yawn Barbara
- Yiallouros Panayiotis
- Yorgancioglu Arzu
- Yoshihara Shigemi
- Young Ian
- Yusuf Osman B.
- Zaidi Asghar
- Zaitoun Fares
- Zalud Petra
- Zar Heather
- Zedda M. T.
- Zernotti Mario E.
- Zhang Luo
- Zhong Nanshan
- Zidarn Mihaela
- Zuberbier Torsten
- Zuberbier Torsten
- Zubrinich Celia
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPAR gamma:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NF kappa B: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2 alpha:Elongation initiation factor 2 alpha). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT(1)R axis (AT(1)R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity
Pulmonary neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumors: European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society expert consensus and recommendations for best practice for typical and atypical pulmonary carcinoids
- Author
- Bartsch Detlief
- Baudin E.
- Capdevila Jaume
- Caplin Martyn E
- Costa Frederico
- Cwikla Jaroslaw
- Eriksson Barbro
- Falconi Massimo
- Fave Gianfranco Delle
- Ferolla P.
- Ferone Diego
- FILOSSO Pier Luigi
- Garcia Yuste M.
- Gross David
- Grossman Ashley
- Herder Wouter de
- Ito Tetsuhide
- Jensen Robert
- Kaltsas Gregory
- Kelestimur Fahrettin
- Kianmanesh Reza
- Knigge Ulrich
- Kos Kudla Beata
- Krenning Eric
- Lim E.
- Mitry Emmanuel
- Nicolson Marianne
- O'Connor Juan
- O'Toole Dermot
- Oberg K.
- Pape Ulrich Frank
- Pavel Marianne
- PELOSI Giuliano
- Perren A.
- Ramage John
- Raymond Eric
- Rindi Guido
- Rockall Andrea
- Rossi R. E.
- Ruszniewski Philippe
- Salazar Ramon
- Scarpa Aldo
- Sedlackova Eva
- Sundin Anders
- Toumpanakis Christos
- Travis W. D.
- Vullierme Marie Pierre
- Weber Wolfgang
- Wiedenmann Bertram
- Zheng Pei Zeng
- Publication venue
- 'Oxford University Press (OUP)'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2015
- Field of study
Pulmonary carcinoids (PCs) are rare tumors. As there is a paucity of randomized studies, this expert consensus document represents an initiative by the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society to provide guidance on their management.
PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Bibliographical searches were carried out in PubMed for the terms 'pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors', 'bronchial neuroendocrine tumors', 'bronchial carcinoid tumors', 'pulmonary carcinoid', 'pulmonary typical/atypical carcinoid', and 'pulmonary carcinoid and diagnosis/treatment/epidemiology/prognosis'. A systematic review of the relevant literature was carried out, followed by expert review.
RESULTS:
PCs are well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors and include low- and intermediate-grade malignant tumors, i.e. typical (TC) and atypical carcinoid (AC), respectively. Contrast CT scan is the diagnostic gold standard for PCs, but pathology examination is mandatory for their correct classification. Somatostatin receptor imaging may visualize nearly 80% of the primary tumors and is most sensitive for metastatic disease. Plasma chromogranin A can be increased in PCs. Surgery is the treatment of choice for PCs with the aim of removing the tumor and preserving as much lung tissue as possible. Resection of metastases should be considered whenever possible with curative intent. Somatostatin analogs are the first-line treatment of carcinoid syndrome and may be considered as first-line systemic antiproliferative treatment in unresectable PCs, particularly of low-grade TC and AC. Locoregional or radiotargeted therapies should be considered for metastatic disease. Systemic chemotherapy is used for progressive PCs, although cytotoxic regimens have demonstrated limited effects with etoposide and platinum combination the most commonly used, however, temozolomide has shown most clinical benefit
Second asymptomatic carotid surgery trial (ACST-2) : a randomised comparison of carotid artery stenting versus carotid endarterectomy
- Author
- \u160ercl Miroslav
- \u160koloud\uedk David
- \u160tekl\ue1cov\ue1 Anna
- Abd-Allah Foad
- Abdul-Hamiq Ahmed
- Abdulamit Timur
- Accrocca Federico
- Acosta Stefan
- Ahlhelm Frank J
- Aidashova Balzhan
- Akyea-Mensah Joyce
- Albuquerque e Castro Jo\ue3o
- Aleksic Nikola
- Allaire Eric
- Almekhlafi Mohammed A
- Alonso Angelika
- Alves Gon\ue7alo
- Alwis Lanka
- Amatucci Giovanni
- Ambrogi Cesare
- Amis Deborah
- Anderson Dawn
- Andonova Silva
- Andziak Piotr
- Angiletta Domenico
- Angus Jane
- Antonopoulos Constantine N
- Aparici Robles Fernando
- Argentieri Angelo
- Arnold Sebastian
- Ashleigh Ray
- Ashley Simon
- Asokanathan Asaipillai
- Astarci Parla
- Babic Srdan
- Bachvarov Chavdar
- Baht Hardeep
- Bajardi Guido
- Bajoriene Milda
- Baker Lucy
- Bakke S\uf8ren
- Bal Simerpreet
- Ball Stephen
- Balogun Ibrahim
- Barbazza Renzo
- Barber Phillip A
- Barer David
- Bari Vasha
- Barlinn Jessica
- Bartko Daniel
- Barwell James
- Barz\uf3 P\ue1l
- Bastos Gon\ue7alves Frederico
- Bausback Yvonne
- Beard Jonathan
- Becquemin Jean-Pierre
- Belcastro Fernando
- Bellenis Ion
- Belli Anna
- Bellini Dalio Marcelo
- Belyasnik Andrey
- Bene\u161 III Vladim\uedr
- Benevento Domenico
- Beno Peter
- Berekoven B\ue4rbel
- Berg Bengt
- Berger Hermann
- Bergeron Patrice
- Bernardini Giulia
- Berry Clive
- Beyar Rafi
- Bialek Pawel
- Bianchi Paolo
- Bicknell Colin
- Biejat Zbigniew
- Biermaier Bernhard
- Bir\uf3 G\ue1bor
- Birt Angela
- Bj\uf6rses Katarina
- Blackham Kristine
- Blanco Ca\uf1ibano Estrella
- Blanes Orti Paula
- Bodosi Mihaly
- Bombic Martin
- Bonati Leo H
- Bonati Leo H
- Borger Franka
- Bosiers Marc
- Botsios Spiridon
- Br\ue4unlich Sven
- Bradshaw S
- Brandt Kerstin
- Branzan Daniela
- Briley Dennis
- Brountzos Elias
- Brown Andrew
- Brown Ellen
- Brown Ellen
- Brown James
- Brown Pauline
- Brudlo Wojciech
- Bryce Jenny
- Buchvald Pavel
- Bulbulia Richard
- Bulbulia Richard
- Burger Ilse
- Burzotta Francesco
- Butterfield Stephen
- C\uf6ster Andreas
- Callaert Joren
- Campbell Erik
- Campos Jr Walter
- Cannizzaro Alfredo
- Cao Piergiorgio
- Capoccia Laura
- Cappelli Alessandro
- Cardon Jean-Marie
- Carimati Federico
- Casana Renato
- Casella Ivan B
- Caso Valeria
- Catterson Martin
- Cernetti Carlo
- Chamorro \uc1ngel
- Chataway Jeremy
- Chatzinikou Eleni
- Chechulov Pavel
- Chernyavsky Mikhail A
- Cheshire Nicholas
- Chester Johanna
- Chester Johanna
- Chetter Ian
- Chiarandini Stefano
- Chisci Emiliano
- Chlouba Vladim\uedr
- Chrisopoulou Angela
- Cieri Enrico
- Cirelli Silvana
- Cireni Lea
- Civilini Efrem
- Clarke Alison
- Clarke Mike
- Clarke Sandra
- Cleveland Trevor
- Clifton Andrew
- Clifton Andrew
- Cochennec-Paliwoda Fr\ue9d\ue9ric
- Codispoti Francesco Alberto
- Colgan Mary P
- Colic Momcilo
- Colston Amanda
- Coppi Elisabetta
- Coppi Gioacchino
- Corbetta Riccardo
- Cosier Tracy
- Coutts Shelagh B
- Cowie Linda
- Cox Robin
- Cradduck-Bamford Andrea
- Cradduck-Bamford Andrea
- Cras Patrick
- Crawford Susan
- Crinnion Jamie
- Csobay-Nov\ue1k Csaba
- Cuenoud Larissa
- Cura Fernando
- Cvetic Vladimir
- Cvjetko Ivan
- Czepel Wojciech
- Czlonkowska Anna
- D'Angelo Costantino L
- D'Oria Mario
- D'Souza Stephen
- D\uf3sa Edit
- da Silva Erasmo S
- Dabek Pawel
- Darby Chris
- Davey Philip
- Davidovic Lazar
- Davies Paul
- Davis Michelle
- de Arag\ue3o Morais Jos\ue9
- de Borst Gert J
- De Donato Gianmarco
- De Koster Guy
- de Luccia Nelson
- Debus Eike S
- Dei Negri Massimo
- Delle Martin
- Delodovici Maria Luisa
- Deloose Koen
- DeMarco Ester
- Demchuk Andrew M
- DeRango Paola
- Desantis Claudio
- Desgranges Pascal
- Desiron Quentin
- Di Lazzaro Vincenzo
- Dias Nuno
- Dienel Cora
- Dieng Mortalla
- Diepers Michael
- Dix Francis
- Dixit Anand
- Donnelly Mary
- Dormal Pol
- Dorman Paul
- Dowzenko Anatol
- Dratwicki Maciej
- Drelichowski Stanislaw
- Dunlop Paul
- Durairajan Ragunath
- Dutta Dipankar
- Dyker Alexander
- Dzieciuchowicz Lukasz
- Eckstein Hans-Henning
- Eesa Muneer
- Egun Anselm A
- Eldessoki Mohamed H
- Eley Caroline
- Eliot-Jones Bekky
- Emerson Lorraine
- Endo Hidenori
- Endrych Ladislav
- Enevoldson Peter
- Engelhardt Andreas
- Engelter Stefan
- Entz L\ue1szl\uf3
- Esisi Bernard
- Estenssoro Andr\ue9 E V
- Ettles Duncan
- Eugster Thomas
- Ezura Masayuki
- F\ue1k\uf3 Eniko
- F\ufcl\uf6p B\ue9la
- Fadda Gian Franco
- Faggioli Gianluca
- Farchioni Luca
- Farrell Barbara
- Fathers Susan
- Ferrante Angela
- Ferrero Emanuele
- Ferri Michelangelo
- Fiedler Jir\ued
- Flather Marcus
- Flis Vojko
- Fontana Federico
- Ford Gary
- Formgren Johan
- Fornolles Caroline
- Fraedrich Gustav
- Frerker Klaus
- Furui Eisuke
- G\ufcnther Albrecht
- G\ufcrke Lorenz
- G\ufcrke Lorenz
- Gaba Kamran
- Gabriel Marcin
- Gaggiano Andrea
- Gaines Peter
- Galeotti Roberto
- Gamble Ed
- Garc\ueda Dominguez Luis
- Garc\ueda Fresnillo Beatriz
- Garcia Ana C
- Gargiulo Mauro
- Gasbarro Vincenzo
- Gasparini Mladen
- Geenens Mia
- Gemper Janine
- Gensicke Henrik
- George Jim
- Gerber Johannes
- Ghosh Jonathan
- Giannoukas Athanasios
- Giaquinta Alessia
- Gibbs Richard
- Gil Robert
- Gillgren Peter
- Gillies Michelle
- Gissler Hans Martin
- Gizewski Elke
- Golovkova Maria S
- Gordon Vera
- Gotts\ue4ter Anders
- Gough Michael
- Goyal Mayank
- Gr\uf6chenig Ernst
- Grad Anton
- Graham Anne
- Gramizadeh Gita
- Grassi Viviana
- Gray Mo
- Gray Richard
- Gregary Bindu
- Grimaldi Luigi
- Grimonprez Annelies
- Griselli Filippo
- Groden Christoph
- Gruber Ingrid
- Gruber Philipp
- Grunwald Iris
- Grzyska Ulrich
- Guerra Requena Mercedes
- Gunathilagan Gunaratnam
- Guyler Paul
- H\uf6lzer Henryk
- Haase Kathrin
- Haider Syed N
- Halliday Alison
- Halliday Alison
- Halu\u17ean Damir
- Hamady Mohammad
- Hammer Frank
- Hands Linda
- Harbison Joe
- Hardy Diana
- Hargroves David
- Harman Paula
- Hartmann Christian
- Hayter Elizabeth
- Hazel Beth
- Heiling Bianka
- Hemelsoet Dimitri
- Hendriks Jeroen
- Henning Eckstein Hans
- Herrington Will
- Hes Karel
- Heshmat Kassem Hussein
- Hill Michael D
- Hilltout Paula
- Hoffman Aaron
- Holliday Constance
- Holst Jan
- Hoppenbrouwers Mieke
- Hosseini Hassan
- Howard Dominic
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- Zaefferer Patricio
- Zalunardo Beniamino
- Zanow J\ufcrgen
- Zdanowski Zbigniew
- Zelen\ue1k Kamil
- Zherdev Nikolay N
- Ziani Barbara
- Zielinski Maciej
- Zimmel L
- Zimmermann Alexander
- Zini Andrea
- Zuromskis Tadas
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
Background: Among asymptomatic patients with severe carotid artery stenosis but no recent stroke or transient cerebral ischaemia, either carotid artery stenting (CAS) or carotid endarterectomy (CEA) can restore patency and reduce long-term stroke risks. However, from recent national registry data, each option causes about 1% procedural risk of disabling stroke or death. Comparison of their long-term protective effects requires large-scale randomised evidence.
Methods: ACST-2 is an international multicentre randomised trial of CAS versus CEA among asymptomatic patients with severe stenosis thought to require intervention, interpreted with all other relevant trials. Patients were eligible if they had severe unilateral or bilateral carotid artery stenosis and both doctor and patient agreed that a carotid procedure should be undertaken, but they were substantially uncertain which one to choose. Patients were randomly allocated to CAS or CEA and followed up at 1 month and then annually, for a mean 5 years. Procedural events were those within 30 days of the intervention. Intention-to-treat analyses are provided. Analyses including procedural hazards use tabular methods. Analyses and meta-analyses of non-procedural strokes use Kaplan-Meier and log-rank methods. The trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN21144362.
Findings: Between Jan 15, 2008, and Dec 31, 2020, 3625 patients in 130 centres were randomly allocated, 1811 to CAS and 1814 to CEA, with good compliance, good medical therapy and a mean 5 years of follow-up. Overall, 1% had disabling stroke or death procedurally (15 allocated to CAS and 18 to CEA) and 2% had non-disabling procedural stroke (48 allocated to CAS and 29 to CEA). Kaplan-Meier estimates of 5-year non-procedural stroke were 2·5% in each group for fatal or disabling stroke, and 5·3% with CAS versus 4·5% with CEA for any stroke (rate ratio [RR] 1·16, 95% CI 0·86-1·57; p=0·33). Combining RRs for any non-procedural stroke in all CAS versus CEA trials, the RR was similar in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients (overall RR 1·11, 95% CI 0·91-1·32; p=0·21).
Interpretation: Serious complications are similarly uncommon after competent CAS and CEA, and the long-term effects of these two carotid artery procedures on fatal or disabling stroke are comparable
Health-status outcomes with invasive or conservative care in coronary disease
- Author
- Alexander K.P.
- Baloch K.
- Bangalore S.
- Boden W.E.
- Cohen D.J.
- Diaz A.
- Gosselin G.
- Harrell F.E.
- Hochman J.S.
- ISCHEMIA Research Group: Joseph Ricci A Tello Montoliu, A I Robero Aniorte, Abbey Mulder, Abhay A Laddu, Abhinav Goyal, Abhishek Dubey, Abhishek Goyal, Abigail Knighton, Abraham Oomman, Adam J Jaskowiak, Adam Kolodziej, Adam Witkowski, Adnan Hameed, Adriana Anesini, Afshan Hussain, Agne Juceviciene, Agne Urboniene, Agnes Jakal, Agnieszka Szramowska, Ahmad Khairuddin, Ahmed Abdel-Latif, Ahmed Adel, Ahmed Aljzeeri, Ahmed Kamal, Ahmed Talaat, Aimee Mann, Aira Contreras, Ajit Kumar, V K Kumar, Akemi Furukawa, Akshay Bagai, Akvile Smigelskaite, Alain Furber, Alain Rheault, Alaine Melanie Loehr, Alan Rosen, Albert Varga, Albertina Qelaj, Alberto Barioli, Aldo Russo, Alec Moorman, Alejandro Gisbert, Aleksandra Fratczak, Aleksandras Laucevicius, Alena Kuleshova, Alessandro Sionis, Alexander A Sirker, Alexander M Chernyavskiy, Alexandra Craft, Alexandra Vazquez, Alexandre Ciappina Hueb, Alexandre S Colafranseschi, Alexandre Schaan de Quadros, Alexandre Tognon, Ali Alghamdi, Alice Manica Muller, Aline Nogueira Raba\ue7a, Aline Peixoto Deiro, Alison Hallam, Allegra Stone, Allison Schley, Almudena Castro, Alvaro Rabelo Ales, Amanda Germann, Amanda O'Malley, Amar Uxa, Amarachi Ojajuni, Amarino C Oliveira Jr, Amber B Hull, Ambuj Roy, Amer Zarka, Amir Janmohamed, Ammani Brown, Ammy Malinay, Amparo Martinez Monzonis, Amy J Richards, Amy Iskandrian, Amy Ollinger, Ana D Djordjevic-Dikic, Ana Fern\ue1ndez Mart\uednez, Ana Gomes Almeida, Ana Paula Batista, Ana Rita Francisco, Ana S Mladenovic, Ana Santana, Anam Siddiqui, Anastasia M Kuzmina-Krutetskaya, Andras Vertes, Andre S Sousa, Andre Gabriel, Andr\ue9 Schmidt, Andrea M Lundeen, Andrea Bartykowszki, Andrea Lorimer, Andrea Mortara, Andrea Pascual, Andreia Coelho, Andreia Rocha, Andr\ue9s Garc\ueda-Rinc\uf3n, Andrew G Howarth, Andrew J Moriarty, Andrew Docherty, Andrew Starovoytov, Andrew Zurick, Andrzej \u141abyk, Andrzej Swiatkowski, Andy Lam, Anelise Kawakami, Angela Hoye, Angela Kim, Angelique Smit, Angelo Nobre, Anil V Shah, Anja Ljubez, Anjali Anand, Ankush Sachdeva, Ann Greenberg, Ann Luyten, Ann Ostrander, Anna Di Donato, Anna Cichocka-Radwan, Anna Fojt, Anna Plachcinska, Anna Proietti, Anna Teresinska, Anne Marie Webb, Anne Cartwright, Anne Heath, Anne Mackin, Anong Amaritakomol, Anong Chaiyasri, Anoop Chauhan, Anoop Mathew, Anthony Gemignani, Anto Luigi Andres, Antonia Vega, Antonietta Hansen, Antonino Ginel Iglesias, Antonio Carlos Carvalho, Antonio Di Chiara, Antonio Serra Pe\uf1aranda, Antonio Carvalho, Antonio Colombo, Antonio Fiarresga, Anupama Rao, Aquiles Valdespino-Estrada, Araceli Boan, Areef Ishani, Ariel Diaz, Arijit Ghosh, Arintaya Prommintikul, Arline Roberts, Arnold H Seto, Arnold P Good, Arshed Quyyumi, Arthur J Labovitz, Arthur Kerner, Arturo S Campos-Santaolalla, Arunima Misra, Ashok Mukherjee, Ashok Seth, Ashraf Seedhom, Asim N Cheema, Asker Ahmed, Atul Mathur, Atul Verma, Audrey W Leong, Axel \uc5kerblom, Axelle Fuentes, Aynun Naher, Badhma Valaiyapathi, Baljeet Kaur, Bandula Guruge, Barbara Brzezi\u144ska, Barbara Nardi, Bartosz Czarniak, Bebek Singh, Bego\uf1a Igual, Bela Merkely, Belen Cid Alvarez, Benjamin J Spooner, Benjamin J W Chow, Benjamin Cheong, Benoy N Shah, Bernard de Bruyne, Bernardas Valecka, Bernhard J\ue4ger, Beth A Archer, Beth Abramson, Beth Jorgenson, Bethany Harvey, Betsy O'Neal, Bev Atkinson, Bev Bozek, Bevin Lang, Bijulal Sasidharan, Bin Yang, Bin Zhang, Binoy Mannekkattukudy Kurian, Bjoern Goebel, Bob Hu, Bogdan A Popescu, Bogdan Crnokrak, Bolin Zhu, Bonnie J Kirby, Brandi D Zimbelman, Brandy Starks, Branko D Beleslin, Brenda Hart, Brian P Shapiro, Brian McCandless, Brianna Wisniewski, Brigham R Smith, Brooks Mirrer, Bruce McManus, Bruce Rutkin, Bruna Edilena Paulino, Bruna Maria Ascoli, Bryn Smith, Byron J Allen, C Michael Gibson, C Noel Bairey Merz, Calin Pop, Cameron Hague, Camila Thais de Ormundo, Candace Gopaul, Candice P Edillo, Car\uedsi A Polanczyk, Carita Krannila, Carla Vicente, Carl-\uc9ric Gagn\ue9, Carlo Briguori, Carlos Pe\uf1a Gil, Carlos Alvarez, Carly Ohmart, Carmen C Beladan, Carmen Ginghina, Carol M Kartje, Caroline Alsweiler, Caroline Brown, Caroline Callison, Caroline Pinheiro, Caroline Rodgers, Caroline Spindler, Carolyn Corbett, Carrie Drum, Casey Riedberger, Catherine Bone, Catherine Fleming, Catherine Gordon, Catherine Jahrsdorfer, Catherine Lemay, Catherine Weick, Cathrine Patten, Cecilia Goletto, Cezary Kepka, Chandini Suvarna, Chang Xu, Chantale Mercure, Charle A Viljoen, Charlene Wiyarand, Charles Jia-Yin Hou, Charles Y Lui, Charles Cannan, Charles Cornet, Charlotte Pirro, Chataroon Rimsukcharoenchai, Chen Wang, Cheng-Ting Tsai, Chen-Yen Chien, Cheryl A Allardyce, Chester M Hedgepeth, Chetan Patel, Chiara Attanasio, Chih-Hsuan Yen, Chi-Ming Chow, Ching Min Er, Ching-Ching Ong, Cholenahally Nanjappa Manjunath, Chris Beck, Chris Buller, Christel Vassaliere, Christian Hamm, Christiano Caldeira, Christie Ballantyne, Christina Bj\uf6rklund, Christine R Hinton, Christine Bergeron, Christine Masson, Christine Roraff, Christine Shelley, Christophe Laure, Christophe Thuaire, Christopher Kinsey, Christopher McFarren, Christopher Spizzieri, Christopher Travill, Chun-Chieh Liu, Chung-Lieh Hung, Chunguang Li, Chun-Ho Yun, Chunli Xia, Ciarra Heard, Cidney Schultz, Clare Venn-Edmonds, Claudia P Hochberg, Claudia Wegmayr, Claudia Cort\ue9s, Claudia Escobar, Cl\ue1udia Freixo, Claudio T Mesquita, Clemens T Kadalie, Colin Berry, Constance Philander, Corine Thobois, Costantino Costantini, Courtney Page, Craig Atkinson, Craig Barr, Craig Paterson, Cristina Bare, Cynthia Baumann, Cynthia Burman, Dalisa Espinosa, Damien Collison, Dan Deleanu, Dan Elian, Dan Gao, Dana Oliver, Daniel P Vezina, Daniel O'Rourke, Daniele Komar, Danielle Schade, Darrel P Francis, Dastan Malaev, David A Bull, David E Winchester, David P Faxon, David Booth, David Cohen, David DeMets, David Foo, David Schlichting, David Taggart, David Waters, David Wohns, Davis Vo, Dawid Teodorczyk, Dawn Shelstad, Dawn Turnbull, Dayuan Li, Dean Kereiakes, Deborah O'Neill, Deborah Yip, Debra K Johnson, Debra Dees, Deepak L Bhatt, Deepika Gopal, Deepti Kumar, Deirdre Mattina, Deirdre Murphy, Delano R Small, Delsa K Rose, Dengke Jiang, Denis Carl Phaneuf, Denise Braganza, Denise Fine, Derek Cyr, Desiree Tobin, Diana Cukali, Diana Parra, Diane Camara, Diane Minshall Liu, Diego Adri\ue1n Vences, Diego Franca de Cunha, Dimitrios Stournaras, Dipti Patel, Dongze Li, Donna Exley, Dorit Grahl, Dragana Stanojevic, Duarte Cacela, Dwayne S G Conway, E Pinar Bermudez, Eapen Punnoose, Edgar L Tay, Edgar Karanjah, Edoardo Verna, Eduardo Hernandez-Rangel, Edward D Nicol, Edward O McFalls, Edward T Martin, Edyta Kaczmarska, Ekaterina I Lubinskaya, Elena A Demchenko, Elena Refoyo Salicio, Eli Feen, Elih\ufa Dur\ue1n-Cort\ue9s, Elisabeth M Janzen, Elise L Hannemann, Elise van Dongen, Elissa Restelli Piloto, Eliza Kaplan, Elizabeta Srbinovska Kostovska, Elizabeth Capasso-Gulve, Elizabeth Congdon, Elizabeth Ferguson, Elizaveta V Zbyshevskaya, Ellen Magedanz, Ellie Fridell, Ellis W Lader, Elvin Kedhi, Emanuela Racca, Emilie Tachot, Emily DeRosa, Encarnaci\uf3n Alonso-\uc1lvarez, Eric Nicollet, Eric Peterson, Erick Alex\ue1nderson Rosas, Erick Donato Morales, Erin Orvis, Ermina Moga, Estelle Montpetit, Estevao Figueiredo, Eugene Passamani, Eugenia Nikolsky, Eunice Yeoh, Evgeniy I Kretov, Ewa Szczerba, Ewelina Wojtala, Expedito Eust\ue1quio Ribeiro Silva, F Marin Ortu\uf1o, Fabio R Farias, Fabio Fimiani, Fabrizio Rolfo, Fa-Chang Yu, Fadi Hage, Fadi Matar, Fahim Haider Jafary, Fang Feng, Fang Liu, Fatima Ranjbaran, Fatima Rodriguez, Fausto J Pinto, Fauzia Rashid, Federica Ramani, Fei Wang, Fernanda Igansi, Filipa Silva, Filippo Ottani, Fiona Haines, Firas Al Solaiman, Fl\ue1via Egydio, Flavio Lyra, Florian Egger, Fran Farquharson, Frances Laube, Francesc Carreras Costa, Francesca de Micco, Francesca Bianchini, Francesca Pezzetta, Francesca Pietrucci, Francesco Orso, Francesco Pisano, Francis Burt, Francisca Patuleia Figueiras, Francisco Fernandez-Aviles, Francois Pierre Mongeon, Frans Van de Werf, Franziska Guenther, Fraser N Witherow, Fred Mohr, Frederico Dall'Orto, Fumiyuki Otsuka, G De La Morena, G Karthikeyan, Gabor Dekany, Gabor Kerecsen, Gabriel Galeote, Gabriel Grossmann, Gabriel Vorobiof, Gabriela Sanchez de Souza, Gabriela Guzman, Gabriela Zeballos, Gabriele Gabrielli, Gabriele Jakl-Kotauschek, Gail A Shammas, Gail Brandt, Gang Chen, Gary E Lane, Gary J Luckasen, Gautam Sharma, Gelmina Mikolaitiene, Gennie Yee, Georg Nickenig, George E Revtyak, George J Juang, Gerald Fletcher, Gerald Leonard, Gerard Patrick Devlin, Gerard Esposito, Gergely \uc1goston, Gervasio Lamas, Geza Fontos, Ghada Mikhail, Gia Cobb, Gian Piero Perna, Gianpiero Leone, Giles Roditi, Gilles Barone-Rochette, Girish Mishra, Giuseppe Tarantini, Glenda Wong, Glenn S Hamroff, Glenn Rayos, Gong Cheng, Gonzalo Barge-Caballero, Goran Davidovi\u107, Goran Stankovic, Gordana Stevanovic, Grace Jingyan Wang, Grace M Young, Graceanne Wayser, Graciela Scaro, Graham S Hillis, Graham Wong, Grazyna Anna Szulczyk, Gregor Simonis, Gregory Kumkumian, Gretchen Ann Peichel, Grzegorz Gajos, Gudrun Steinmaurer, Guilherme G Rucatti, Guilherme Portugal, Guilhermina Cantinho Lopes, Guillem Pons Llad\uf3, Gunnar Frostfelt, Gurpreet S Wander, Gurpreet Gulati, Gustavo Pucci, Hafidz Abd Hadi, Haibo Zhang, Haitao Wang, Halina Marciniak, Han Chen, Hanan Kerr, Hani Najm, Hanna Douglas, Hannah Phillips, Hao Dai, Haojian Dong, Haqeel Jamil, Harikrishnan Sivadasanpillai, Harry Suryapranata, Hassan Reda, Hayley Pomeroy, Heather Barrentine, Heather Golden, Heather Hurlburt, Heidi Wilson, Helen C Tucker, Helene Abergel, Hemalata Siddaram, Hermine Osseni, Herwig Schuchlenz, Hesong Zeng, Hicham Skali, Hilda Solomon, Hollie Horton, Holly Hetrick, Holly Little, Holly Park, Hongjie Chi, Hossam Mahrous, Howard A Levite, Hristo Pejkov, Huajun Li, Hugo Bloise-Adames, Hugo Marques, Hui Zhong, Hui-Min Zhang, Humayrah Hashim, Hung-I Yeh, Hussien El Fishawy, Ian Webb, Iftikhar Kullo, Igor O Grazhdankin, Ihab Hamzeh, Ikraam Hassan, Ikuko Ueda, Ileana L Pina, Ilona Tamasauskiene, Ilse Bouwhuis, Imran Arif, Ina Wenzelburger, In\ueas Zimbarra Cabrita, Ines Rodrigues, Inga H Robbins, Inga Soveri, Ingela Schnittger, Iqbal Karimullah, Ira M Dauber, Iram Rehman, Irena Peovska Mitevska, Irene Marthe Lang, Irina Subbotina, Irma Kalibataite-Rutkauskiene, Irni Yusnida, Isabel Estela Carvajal, Isabella C Palazzo, Isabelle Hogan, Isabelle Roy, Ishba Syed, Ishita Tejani, Ivan A Naryshkin, Ivana Jankovic, Iwona Niedzwiecka, J David Knight, Jacek Kusmierek, Jackie M White, Jackie Chow, Jacob Udell, Jacqueline E Tamis-Holland, Jacqueline Fannon, Jacquelyn A Quin, Jacquelyn Do, Jaekyeong Heo, Jakub Maksym, James E Davies, James H O'Keefe Jr, James J Jang, James Cha, James Harrison, James Hirsch, James Stafford, James Tatoulis, Jamie Rankin, Jan Henzel, Jan Orga, Jana Tancredi, Janaina Oliveira, Jane Burton, Jane Eckstein, Jane Marucci, Janet P Knight, Janet Blount, Janet Halliday, Janetta Kourzenkova, Janitha Raj, Jan-Malte Sinning, Jaqueline Pozzibon, Jaroslaw Drozdz, Jaroslaw Karwowski, Jason D Glover, Jason Loh Kwok, Jason T Call, Jason Linefsky, Jassira Gomes, Jati Anumpa, Javier J Garcia, Javier Courtis, Jay Meisner, K Jayakumar, Jayne Scales, Jean E Denaro, Jean Michel Juliard, Jean Ho, Jeanette K Stansborough, Jean-Michel Juliard, Jeanne Russo, Jeannette J M Schoep, Jeet Thambyrajah, Jeff Leimberger, Jeffery A Breall, Jeffrey A Kohn, Jeffrey C Milliken, Jeffrey Anderson, Jeffrey Blume, Jeffrey Kanters, Jeffrey Lorin, Jeffrey Moses, Jelena J Stepanovic, Jelena Celutkiene, Jelena Djokic, Jelena Stojkovic, Jenne M Jose, Jenne Manchery, Jennifer A Mull, Jennifer H Czerniak, Jennifer L Stanford, Jennifer Gillis, Jennifer Horst, Jennifer Isaacs, Jennifer Langdon, Jennifer Thomson, Jennifer Tomfohr, Jennifer White, Jen-Yuan Kuo, Jeremy Rautureau, Jerome Fleg, Jessica Berg, Jessica Rodriguez, Jessica Waldron, Jhina Patro, Jia Li, Jiajia Mao, Jiamin Liu, Jian'an Wang, Jianhua Li, Jianxin Zhang, Jie Qi, Jihyun Lyo, Jill Marcus, Jim Blankenship, Jing Zhang, Jingjing Liu, Jing-Yao Fan, Jiun-Yi Li, Jiwan Pradhan, Jiyan Chen, J M Rivera Caravaca, Jo Evans, Joan Garcia Picart, Joan Hecht, Joanna Jaroch, Joanna Zalewska, Joanne Kelly, Joanne Taaffe, Jo\ue3o Reynaldo Abbud, Jo\ue3o V Vitola, Joaqu\uedn V Pe\uf1afiel, Jocelyne Benatar, Jody Bindeman, Joe Sabik, Joel Klitch, Johann Christopher, Johannes Aspberg, John D Friedman, John F Beltrame, John F Heitner, John Joseph Graham, John R Davies, John Doan, John Kotter, John Kurian, John Mukai, John Pownall, Jolanta Sobolewska, Jon Kobashigawa, Jonathan L Goldberg, Jonathan W Bazeley, Jonathan Byrne, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Jonathan Leipsic, Jonean Thorsen, Jorge F Trejo Gutierrez, Jorge Escobedo, Jorik Timmer, Jos\ue9 A Ortega-Ram\uedrez, Jos\ue9 Antonio Marin-Neto, Jose D Salas, Jose Enrique Castillo, Jose Francisco Saraiva, Jos\ue9 J Cuenca-Castillo, Jose L Diez, Jos\ue9 Luis Narro Villanueva, Jos\ue9 Luiz da Vieira, Jos\ue9 M Flores-Palacios, Jose Ramon Gonzalez, Jose Seijas Amigo, Jose Fragata, Josep Maria Padr\uf3, Josheph F X McGarvey Jr, Joseph Hannan, Joseph Sacco, Joseph Sweeny, Joseph Wiesel, Josephine D Abraham, Joshua P Loh, Joy Burkhardt, Joyce R White, Joyce Riestenberg-Smith, Judit Sebo, Judith L Meadows, Judith Wright, Judy Mae Foltz, Judy Hung, Judy Otis, Juergen Stumpf, Jui-Peng Tsai, Julia S Dionne, Julia de Aveiro Morata, Julie Bunke, Julie Morrow, Julio C\ue9sar Figal, Jun Fujita, Jun Jiang, Junhua Li, Junqing Yang, Juntima Euathrongchit, Jyotsna Garg, K Manjula Rani, K Preethi, Kaatje Goetschalckx, Kai Eggers, Kamalakar Surineni, Kanae Hirase, T R Kapilamoorthy, Karen Calfas, Karen Gratrix, Karen Hallett, Karen Hultberg, Karen Nugent, Karen Petrosyan, Karen Swan, Karolina Kryczka, Karolina Wojtczak-Soska, Karolina Wojtera, Karsten Lenk, Karthik Ramasamy, Katarzyna \u141uczak, Katarzyna Malinowska, Kate Pointon, Kate Robb, Katherine Martin, Kathleen Claes, Kathryn Carruthers, Kathy E Siegel, Katia Drouin, Katie Fowler-Lehman, Kavita Rawat, Kay Rowe, Keiichi Fukuda, Keith A A Fox, Ken Mahaffey, Kendra Unterbrink, Kenneth Giedd, Kerrie Van Loo, Kerry Lee, Kerstin Bonin, Kevin R Bainey, Kevin T Harley, Kevin Anstrom, Kevin Chan, Kevin Croce, Kevin Landolfo, Kevin Marzo, Keyur Patel, Khaled Abdul-Nour, Khaled Alfakih, Khaled Dajani, Khaled Ziada, Khaula Baloch, Khrystyna Kushniriuk, Kian-Keong Poh, Kim F Ireland, Kim Holland, Kimberly Ann Byrne, Kimberly E Halverson, Kimberly Elmore, Kimberly Miller-Cox, Kiran Reddy, Kirsten J Quiles, Kirsty Abercrombie, Klaus Matschke, Konrad Szymczyk, Koo Hui Chan, Kotiboinna Preethi, Kozhaya Sokhon, Krissada Meemuk, Kristian Thygesen, Kristin M Salmi, Kristin Newby, Kristina Wippler, Kristine Arges, Kristine Teoh, Krystal Etherington, Krystyna \u141oboz-Grudzie\u144, Krzysztof W Reczuch, Krzysztof Bury, Krzysztof Drzymalski, Krzysztof Kuku\u142a, Kuo-Tzu Sung, Kurt Huber, Ladda Douangvila, Lance Sullenberger, Larissa Miranda Trama, Laszlone Matics, Laura Drew, Laura Flint, Laura Keinaite, Laura Sarti, Laurel Kolakaluri, Lawrence M Phillips, Lawrence Friedman, Lawrence Phillips, Lazar Velicki, Leah Howell, Leandro C Maranan, Leanne Cox, Ledjalem Daba, Lei Zhang, Lekshmi Dharmarajan, Leo Bockeria, Leonardo Pizzol Caetano, Leonardo Bridi, Leonid L Bershtein, Leszek Sokalski, Li Hai Yan, Li Li, Lia Nijmeijer, Lidia Sousa, Lihong Xu, Lihua Zhang, Lili Zhang, Lilia Schiavi, Lilian Mazza Barbosa, Lillian L Khor, Lina Felix-Stern, Linda L Hall, Linda M Hollenweger, Linda Arcand, Linda Davidson-Ray, Linda Schwarz, Lindsey N Sikora, Lingping Chi, Lino Patricio, Liping Zhang, Lisa Chaytor, Lisa Hatch, Lisa McCloy, Lisa Wong, Liselotte Persson, Lixin Jiang, Liz Low, Ljiljana Pupic, Lo\uefc Bi\ue8re, Lorenzo Monti, Lori Christensen, Lori Pritchard, Loriane Black, Lori-Ann Desimone, Lori-Ann Larmand, Lorraine McGregor, Louise Morby, Louise Thomson, Luc Harvey, Luciana de P\ue1dua Baptista, Lucilla Garcia, Ludivine Eliahou, Ludmila Helmer, Luis F Smidt, Luis Bernanrdes, Luis Guzman, Luiz A Carvalho, Luyang Xiong, Lynette L Teo, Lynn M Neeson, Lynne Winstanley, M Barbara Srichai-Parsia, M Quintana Giner, M Sowjanya Reddy, M Vald\ue9s Ch\ue1varri, M Grazia Rossi, Maarten Simoons, Maayan Konigstein, Maciej Lesiak, Maciej Olsowka, Mafalda Selas, Magalie Corfias, Magdalena Madero Rovalo, Magdalena \u141anocha, Magdalena Miller, Magdalena Misztal-Teodorczyk, Magdalena Rantinella, Magdy Abdelhamid, Magnolia Jimenez, Mahboob Alam, Mahevamma Mylarappa, Mahfouz El Shahawy, Mahmoud Mohamed, Mahmud Al-Bustami, Majo X Joseph, Malgorzata Frach, Ma\u142gorzta Celi\u144ska-Spodar, Malte Helm, Manas Chacko, Mandy Murphy, Manitha Vinod, Manjula Rani, Manu Dhawan, Manuela Mombelli, Marcel Weber, Marcello Galvani, Marcelo Jamus Rodrigues, Marcia F Dubin, Marcia F Werner Bayer, Marcin Szkopiak, Marco Antonio Monsalve, Marco Bizzaro Santos, Marco Magnoni, Marco Marini, Marco Sicuro, Marco Zenati, Marcos Val\ue9rio Coimbra Resende, Marek Roik, Margalit Bentzvi, Margaret Gilsenan, Margaret Iraola, Margot C Quinn, Maria A Alfonso, Maria Antonieta Pereira Moraes, Mar\ueda Dolores Mart\uednez-Ru\uedz, Mar\ueda Fernanda Canales, Maria In\ueas Caetano, Maria P Corral, Maria P\ue9rez Garc\ueda, Maria Victoria Actis, Maria Aguirre, Maria Andreasson, Maria Aprile, Maria Colton, Maria Eugenia Martin, Maria Lasala, Maria Lorenzo, Maria Posada, Maria Shier, Maria Thottam, Mariana V Furtado, Mariana Yumi Okada, Marianna D A Dracoulakis, Marianne De Andrade, Mariano Rubio, Marie Essermark, Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie, Marija T Petrovic, Marija Zdravkovic, Marilyn Black, Marina Garcia, Mario J Garcia, Mariola Szulik, Marisa Orgera, Mark A de Belder, Mark Harbinson, Mark Hyun, Mark Peterson, Mark Xavier, Marlowe Mosley, Marta Capinha, Marta Marcinkiewicz-Siemion, Marta Swiderek, Martha Meyer, Martina Ceseri, Martina Tricoli, Marvin Kronenberg, Mary Williams, Mary Ann Champagne, Mary Colleen Rogge, Mary R Soltau, Mary Streif, Massimo Villella, Massoud Leesar, Matei Claudia, Mateusz Solecki, Mat\uedas Nicol\ue1s Mungo, Matthew Wall Jr, Matthew Budoff, Matthew Jezior, Matthew Luckie, Matthias Friedrich, Mauren P Haeffner, Maximilian Tscharre, Max-Paul Winter, Mayana Almeida, Mayil S Krishnam, Mayuri Patel, Meenakshi Mishra, Megan Manocchia, Meghana Kakade, Melanie J Munro, Melissa D Chaplin, Melissa LeFevre, Mervyn Andiapen, Michael A Gibson, Michael B Rubens, Michael C Turner, Michael D Shapiro, Michael W Lee, Michael Berlowitz, Michael Davidson, Michael Mack, Michael McDaniel, Michael Mumma, Michal Wlodarczyk, Michel G Khouri, Michel S Slama, Michele Rawlins, Michelle M Bonner, Michelle M Seib, Michelle Chang, Michelle Crowder, Michelle Dixon, Michelle Mayon, Michelle McEvoy, Michelle Yee, Miguel M Fernandes, Miguel Nobre Menezes, Miguel Souto Bayarri, Miguel Barrero, Mikhail T Torosoff, Milan R Dobric, Milan Dobric, Milica Nikola Dekleva, Milind Avdhoot Gadkari, Millie Gomez, Min Tun Kyaw, Miriam Brooks, Miroslav Stevo Martinovic, Mitchel B Lustre, Mohammad Tariq Vakani, Mohammad El-Hajjar, Mohammed Al-Amoodi, Mohammed Hussain, Mohammed Saleem, Mois\ue9s Blanco-Calvo, Mois\ue9s Jim\ue9nez-Santos, Mona Bhatia, Monica Rosca, Monika Laukyte, Montserrat Gracida Blanca, Montserrat Vila Perales, Mouaz H Al-Mallah, Moys\ue9s de Oliveira Filho, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Muhamed Saric, Mulei Chen, Myriam Brousseau, Myrthes Emy Takiuti, Nada Cemerlic-Adjic, Nadia Asif, Nadia Gakou, Nafisa Hussain, Nana O Katamadze, Nancy L Clapp, Nancy Aedy, Nandita Nataraj, Nanette K Wenger, Naomi Uchida, Nasrul Ismail, Natalia S Oliveira, Natalia de Carvalho Maffei, Natalie Spitzer, Natasha C Putnam, Naved Aslam, Neamat Mowafy, Neeraj Pandit, Neeraj Parakh, Nevena Garcevic, Ngaire Meadows, Nhi N Tran, Nicholas Danchin, Nicki Lakeman, Nicola Johnston, Nicolas W Shammas, Nicole Saint Vrestil, Nicole Deming, Nier Zhong, Niket Patel, Nikola N Boskovic, Nikolaos Karogiannis, Nikos Werner, Nina Johnston, Ning Zhang, Ning Zhou, Niree Hindoyan, Nirmal Kumar, Nitika Chadha, Nitish Naik, Nodira Aripova, Noloyiso Mtana, Nona A Eskelson, Noor Syamira Mokhtar, Noppon Taksaudom, Nor Asiah Basri, Nora Marchelletta, Norma Hogg, Nungshi Jungla, Nuno Ferreira, Oksana A Lubyanaya, Olga B Nikolaeva, Olga Ca\uf1avate, Olga Sobrino, Olga Walesiak, Olga Walter, Olga Zdo\u144czyk, Olivia J Lim, Olivia Anaya, Olivia Mancilla, Olivier Dubourg, Olugbenga Bello, Omar Almousalli, Omar Thompson, Oni Olurinde, Or Harel, Osama Raheem, Oscar M\ue9ndiz, 3scar Prada-Delgado, Oz Shapira, P Christian Schulze, Pachara Panpunuan, Pal Maurovich-Horvat, Pallav Garg, Paloma Moraga, Pam Singh, Pamela Julian, Pamela Ouyang, Pamela Sigel, Pamela Woodard, Panpan Zhou, Paola Emanuela Poggio, Paola Smanio, Paolo Calabro, Paramjit Jeetley, Pascal Goube, Patricia K Nguyen, Patricia Alarie, Patricia Arakelian, Patricia Arsenault, Patricia Blaise, Patricia Brito, Patricia Cowper, Patricia Endsley, Patricia Mieses, Patrick B Alexander, Patrick Donnelly, Patrick Wilmot, Patrycja Lebioda, Paul C Gordon, Paul Der Mesropian, Paul Galiwango, Paul Hauptman, Paul Kennedy, Paula Beardsley, Paula Garc\ueda-Gonz\ue1lez, Paulo Cury Rezende, Paulo Ricardo Caramori, Pavel S Kozlov, Pedro Canas Silva, Pedro Gabriel Melo Barros E Silva, Pedro P\uedccaro de Oliveira, Pedro Carvalho, Pedro Modas, Pedro Rio, Peeyush Jain, Peiyu He, Peter A McCullough, Peter H Stone, Peter M Pollak, Peter Douglass, Peter Henriksen, Peter OKane, Peter Ong, Philip Jones, Philip Rogal, Philippe G\ue9n\ue9reux, Philippe Menasche, Philippe Rheault, Phoebe Goold, Pierre Gervais, Pierre Michaud, Pilar Calvillo, Ping Chai, Piotr Jakubowski, Piotr Pruszczyk, Piotr Slomka, Piyamitr Sritara, Poay-Huan Loh, Poonam Sonawane, Pouneh Samadi, Pragnesh P Parikh, Prakash Deedwania, Pranav M Patel, Praneeth Polamuri, Pratiksha Sharma, Precilia Vasquez, Preeti Kamath, Prince Thomas, Priyadarshani Arambam, Puja K 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Sajeev Chakanalil Govindan, Saket Girotra, Saleem Kassam, Sallie Canada, Salvador Cruz-Flores, Samaa Mohamed, Samantha Ly, Sameh El Kaffas, Samia Massalha, Sampoornima Setty, Samuel Nwosu, Sandeep Seth, Sandeep Singh, Sander R Niehe, Sandra M Rivest, Sandra S Zier, Sandra Ahoud, Sandy Carr, Sanjay Ganapathi, Sanjay Shetty, Sanjeev Sharma, Santa Jimenez, Santhosh Satheesh, Santiago A Garcia, Sara Fernandez, Sara Karlsson, Sara Salkind, Sara Temiyasathit, Sarah Medina Rodriguez, Sarah Beaudry, Sarah Hadjih, Sarah Williams, Sarah Zahrani, Sarju Ralhan, Sasa Hinic, Sasko Kedev, Satinder Singh, Satoshi Yasuda, Satvic Cholenahally Manjunath, Sau Lee, Scott M Kaczkowski, Scott Kinlay, Sean W Hayes, Sebastian Sobczak, Senait Asier, Sergey A Sayganov, Seth I Sokol, Shaheen Pandie, Shaiful Azmi Yahaya, Shamir Mehta, Shao-Ping Nie, Sharad Chandra, Sharder Islam, Sharon Tai, Sheetal Rupesh Karwa, Sheri Ussery, Sheromani Bajaj, Sherron C Crook, Shigeyuki Nishimura, Shintaro Nakano, Shirin Heydari, 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Suellen Hosino, Sukie Desire, Sukit Yamwong, Suku T Thambar, Sulagna Mookherjee, Suman Singh, Sundeep Mishra, Sunil Kumar Verma, Supap Kulthawong, Supatchara Khwakhong, Surendra Naik, Suresh Babu, Surin Woragidpoonpol, Suryaprakash Narayanappa, Susan Derbyshire, Susan Gent, Susan Mathus, Susan Milbrandt, Susan Moore, Susan Regan, Susan Stinson, Susan Webber, Susana Silva, Susanna Stevens, Susanne Gruensfelder, Suthara Aramcharoen, Suvarna Kolhe, Suzana Tavares, Suzanne Arnold, Suzanne Welsh, Svetlana Apostolovic, Swapna Kunhunny, Ta-Chuan Hung, Taissa Zappernick, Tali Sharir, Talita Silva, Tamara Colai\ue1covo Soares, Tapan Umesh Pillay, Tarun K Mittal, Tatiana Trifonova, Tauane Bello Duarte, Tauqir Huk, T\ue9odora Dutoiu, Terrance Chua, Terry Weyand, Thabitha Charles, Theodoros Kofidis, Theresa McCreary, Thierry Lefevre, Thippeekaa Arumairajah, Thitipong Tepsuwan, Thomas J Mulhearn, Thomas M Meyer, Thomas P Rocco, Thomas R Downes, Thomas Crain, Thomas Haldis, Thomas Mathew, Thomas 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Ziliang Bai, Zixiang Yu, Zohra Huda, Zoltan Davidovits
- Jones P.G.
- Mark D.B
- Maron D.J.
- Mavromatis K.
- Mavromichalis S.
- Newman J.D.
- O'Brien S.M.
- Reynolds H.R.
- Rosenberg Y.
- Spertus J.A.
- Stone G.W.
- Weintraub W.S.
- Publication venue
- 'Massachusetts Medical Society'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
BACKGROUND In the ISCHEMIA trial, an invasive strategy with angiographic assessment and revascularization did not reduce clinical events among patients with stable ischemic heart disease and moderate or severe ischemia. A secondary objective of the trial was to assess angina-related health status among these patients. METHODS We assessed angina-related symptoms, function, and quality of life with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) at randomization, at months 1.5, 3, and 6, and every 6 months thereafter in participants who had been randomly assigned to an invasive treatment strategy (2295 participants) or a conservative strategy (2322). Mixed-effects cumulative probability models within a Bayesian framework were used to estimate differences between the treatment groups. The primary outcome of this health-status analysis was the SAQ summary score (scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health status). All analyses were performed in the overall population and according to baseline angina frequency. RESULTS At baseline, 35% of patients reported having no angina in the previous month. SAQ summary scores increased in both treatment groups, with increases at 3, 12, and 36 months that were 4.1 points (95% credible interval, 3.2 to 5.0), 4.2 points (95% credible interval, 3.3 to 5.1), and 2.9 points (95% credible interval, 2.2 to 3.7) higher with the invasive strategy than with the conservative strategy. Differences were larger among participants who had more frequent angina at baseline (8.5 vs. 0.1 points at 3 months and 5.3 vs. 1.2 points at 36 months among participants with daily or weekly angina as compared with no angina). CONCLUSIONS In the overall trial population with moderate or severe ischemia, which included 35% of participants without angina at baseline, patients randomly assigned to the invasive strategy had greater improvement in angina-related health status than those assigned to the conservative strategy. The modest mean differences favoring the invasive strategy in the overall group reflected minimal differences among asymptomatic patients and larger differences among patients who had had angina at baseline
Initial invasive or conservative strategy for stable coronary disease
- Author
- Alexander K.P.
- Ali Z.A.
- Bangalore S.
- Berger J.S.
- Berman D.S.
- Bhargava B.
- Bockeria O.
- Boden W.E.
- Broderick S.
- Bruce Ferguson T.
- Chaitman B.R.
- Demkow M.
- Doerr R.
- Elghamaz A.
- Gabriel Steg P.
- Goodman S.G.
- Gosselin G.
- Harrell F.E.
- Harrington R.A.
- Held C.
- Hochman J.S.
- Hueb W.A.
- ISCHEMIA Research Group: Joseph Ricci A Tello Montoliu, A I Robero Aniorte, Abbey Mulder, Abhay A Laddu, Abhinav Goyal, Abhishek Dubey, Abhishek Goyal, Abigail Knighton, Abraham Oomman, Adam J Jaskowiak, Adam Kolodziej, Adam Witkowski, Adnan Hameed, Adriana Anesini, Afshan Hussain, Agne Juceviciene, Agne Urboniene, Agnes Jakal, Agnieszka Szramowska, Ahmad Khairuddin, Ahmed Abdel-Latif, Ahmed Adel, Ahmed Aljzeeri, Ahmed Kamal, Ahmed Talaat, Aimee Mann, Aira Contreras, Ajit Kumar, V K Kumar, Akemi Furukawa, Akshay Bagai, Akvile Smigelskaite, Alain Furber, Alain Rheault, Alaine Melanie Loehr, Alan Rosen, Albert Varga, Albertina Qelaj, Alberto Barioli, Aldo Russo, Alec Moorman, Alejandro Gisbert, Aleksandra Fratczak, Aleksandras Laucevicius, Alena Kuleshova, Alessandro Sionis, Alexander A Sirker, Alexander M Chernyavskiy, Alexandra Craft, Alexandra Vazquez, Alexandre Ciappina Hueb, Alexandre S Colafranseschi, Alexandre Schaan de Quadros, Alexandre Tognon, Ali Alghamdi, Alice Manica Muller, Aline Nogueira Raba\ue7a, Aline Peixoto Deiro, Alison Hallam, Allegra Stone, Allison Schley, Almudena Castro, Alvaro Rabelo Ales, Amanda Germann, Amanda O'Malley, Amar Uxa, Amarachi Ojajuni, Amarino C Oliveira Jr, Amber B Hull, Ambuj Roy, Amer Zarka, Amir Janmohamed, Ammani Brown, Ammy Malinay, Amparo Martinez Monzonis, Amy J Richards, Amy Iskandrian, Amy Ollinger, Ana D Djordjevic-Dikic, Ana Fern\ue1ndez Mart\uednez, Ana Gomes Almeida, Ana Paula Batista, Ana Rita Francisco, Ana S Mladenovic, Ana Santana, Anam Siddiqui, Anastasia M Kuzmina-Krutetskaya, Andras Vertes, Andre S Sousa, Andre Gabriel, Andr\ue9 Schmidt, Andrea M Lundeen, Andrea Bartykowszki, Andrea Lorimer, Andrea Mortara, Andrea Pascual, Andreia Coelho, Andreia Rocha, Andr\ue9s Garc\ueda-Rinc\uf3n, Andrew G Howarth, Andrew J Moriarty, Andrew Docherty, Andrew Starovoytov, Andrew Zurick, Andrzej \u141abyk, Andrzej Swiatkowski, Andy Lam, Anelise Kawakami, Angela Hoye, Angela Kim, Angelique Smit, Angelo Nobre, Anil V Shah, Anja Ljubez, Anjali Anand, Ankush Sachdeva, Ann Greenberg, Ann Luyten, Ann Ostrander, Anna Di Donato, Anna Cichocka-Radwan, Anna Fojt, Anna Plachcinska, Anna Proietti, Anna Teresinska, Anne Marie Webb, Anne Cartwright, Anne Heath, Anne Mackin, Anong Amaritakomol, Anong Chaiyasri, Anoop Chauhan, Anoop Mathew, Anthony Gemignani, Anto Luigi Andres, Antonia Vega, Antonietta Hansen, Antonino Ginel Iglesias, Antonio Carlos Carvalho, Antonio Di Chiara, Antonio Serra Pe\uf1aranda, Antonio Carvalho, Antonio Colombo, Antonio Fiarresga, Anupama Rao, Aquiles Valdespino-Estrada, Araceli Boan, Areef Ishani, Ariel Diaz, Arijit Ghosh, Arintaya Prommintikul, Arline Roberts, Arnold H Seto, Arnold P Good, Arshed Quyyumi, Arthur J Labovitz, Arthur Kerner, Arturo S Campos-Santaolalla, Arunima Misra, Ashok Mukherjee, Ashok Seth, Ashraf Seedhom, Asim N Cheema, Asker Ahmed, Atul Mathur, Atul Verma, Audrey W Leong, Axel \uc5kerblom, Axelle Fuentes, Aynun Naher, Badhma Valaiyapathi, Baljeet Kaur, Bandula Guruge, Barbara Brzezi\u144ska, Barbara Nardi, Bartosz Czarniak, Bebek Singh, Bego\uf1a Igual, Bela Merkely, Belen Cid Alvarez, Benjamin J Spooner, Benjamin J W Chow, Benjamin Cheong, Benoy N Shah, Bernard de Bruyne, Bernardas Valecka, Bernhard J\ue4ger, Beth A Archer, Beth Abramson, Beth Jorgenson, Bethany Harvey, Betsy O'Neal, Bev Atkinson, Bev Bozek, Bevin Lang, Bijulal Sasidharan, Bin Yang, Bin Zhang, Binoy Mannekkattukudy Kurian, Bjoern Goebel, Bob Hu, Bogdan A Popescu, Bogdan Crnokrak, Bolin Zhu, Bonnie J Kirby, Brandi D Zimbelman, Brandy Starks, Branko D Beleslin, Brenda Hart, Brian P Shapiro, Brian McCandless, Brianna Wisniewski, Brigham R Smith, Brooks Mirrer, Bruce McManus, Bruce Rutkin, Bruna Edilena Paulino, Bruna Maria Ascoli, Bryn Smith, Byron J Allen, C Michael Gibson, C Noel Bairey Merz, Calin Pop, Cameron Hague, Camila Thais de Ormundo, Candace Gopaul, Candice P Edillo, Car\uedsi A Polanczyk, Carita Krannila, Carla Vicente, Carl-\uc9ric Gagn\ue9, Carlo Briguori, Carlos Pe\uf1a Gil, Carlos Alvarez, Carly Ohmart, Carmen C Beladan, Carmen Ginghina, Carol M Kartje, Caroline Alsweiler, Caroline Brown, Caroline Callison, Caroline Pinheiro, Caroline Rodgers, Caroline Spindler, Carolyn Corbett, Carrie Drum, Casey Riedberger, Catherine Bone, Catherine Fleming, Catherine Gordon, Catherine Jahrsdorfer, Catherine Lemay, Catherine Weick, Cathrine Patten, Cecilia Goletto, Cezary Kepka, Chandini Suvarna, Chang Xu, Chantale Mercure, Charle A Viljoen, Charlene Wiyarand, Charles Jia-Yin Hou, Charles Y Lui, Charles Cannan, Charles Cornet, Charlotte Pirro, Chataroon Rimsukcharoenchai, Chen Wang, Cheng-Ting Tsai, Chen-Yen Chien, Cheryl A Allardyce, Chester M Hedgepeth, Chetan Patel, Chiara Attanasio, Chih-Hsuan Yen, Chi-Ming Chow, Ching Min Er, Ching-Ching Ong, Cholenahally Nanjappa Manjunath, Chris Beck, Chris Buller, Christel Vassaliere, Christian Hamm, Christiano Caldeira, Christie Ballantyne, Christina Bj\uf6rklund, Christine R Hinton, Christine Bergeron, Christine Masson, Christine Roraff, Christine Shelley, Christophe Laure, Christophe Thuaire, Christopher Kinsey, Christopher McFarren, Christopher Spizzieri, Christopher Travill, Chun-Chieh Liu, Chung-Lieh Hung, Chunguang Li, Chun-Ho Yun, Chunli Xia, Ciarra Heard, Cidney Schultz, Clare Venn-Edmonds, Claudia P Hochberg, Claudia Wegmayr, Claudia Cort\ue9s, Claudia Escobar, Cl\ue1udia Freixo, Claudio T Mesquita, Clemens T Kadalie, Colin Berry, Constance Philander, Corine Thobois, Costantino Costantini, Courtney Page, Craig Atkinson, Craig Barr, Craig Paterson, Cristina Bare, Cynthia Baumann, Cynthia Burman, Dalisa Espinosa, Damien Collison, Dan Deleanu, Dan Elian, Dan Gao, Dana Oliver, Daniel P Vezina, Daniel O'Rourke, Daniele Komar, Danielle Schade, Darrel P Francis, Dastan Malaev, David A Bull, David E Winchester, David P Faxon, David Booth, David Cohen, David DeMets, David Foo, David Schlichting, David Taggart, David Waters, David Wohns, Davis Vo, Dawid Teodorczyk, Dawn Shelstad, Dawn Turnbull, Dayuan Li, Dean Kereiakes, Deborah O'Neill, Deborah Yip, Debra K Johnson, Debra Dees, Deepak L Bhatt, Deepika Gopal, Deepti Kumar, Deirdre Mattina, Deirdre Murphy, Delano R Small, Delsa K Rose, Dengke Jiang, Denis Carl Phaneuf, Denise Braganza, Denise Fine, Derek Cyr, Desiree Tobin, Diana Cukali, Diana Parra, Diane Camara, Diane Minshall Liu, Diego Adri\ue1n Vences, Diego Franca de Cunha, Dimitrios Stournaras, Dipti Patel, Dongze Li, Donna Exley, Dorit Grahl, Dragana Stanojevic, Duarte Cacela, Dwayne S G Conway, E Pinar Bermudez, Eapen Punnoose, Edgar L Tay, Edgar Karanjah, Edoardo Verna, Eduardo Hernandez-Rangel, Edward D Nicol, Edward O McFalls, Edward T Martin, Edyta Kaczmarska, Ekaterina I Lubinskaya, Elena A Demchenko, Elena Refoyo Salicio, Eli Feen, Elih\ufa Dur\ue1n-Cort\ue9s, Elisabeth M Janzen, Elise L Hannemann, Elise van Dongen, Elissa Restelli Piloto, Eliza Kaplan, Elizabeta Srbinovska Kostovska, Elizabeth Capasso-Gulve, Elizabeth Congdon, Elizabeth Ferguson, Elizaveta V Zbyshevskaya, Ellen Magedanz, Ellie Fridell, Ellis W Lader, Elvin Kedhi, Emanuela Racca, Emilie Tachot, Emily DeRosa, Encarnaci\uf3n Alonso-\uc1lvarez, Eric Nicollet, Eric Peterson, Erick Alex\ue1nderson Rosas, Erick Donato Morales, Erin Orvis, Ermina Moga, Estelle Montpetit, Estevao Figueiredo, Eugene Passamani, Eugenia Nikolsky, Eunice Yeoh, Evgeniy I Kretov, Ewa Szczerba, Ewelina Wojtala, Expedito Eust\ue1quio Ribeiro Silva, F Marin Ortu\uf1o, Fabio R Farias, Fabio Fimiani, Fabrizio Rolfo, Fa-Chang Yu, Fadi Hage, Fadi Matar, Fahim Haider Jafary, Fang Feng, Fang Liu, Fatima Ranjbaran, Fatima Rodriguez, Fausto J Pinto, Fauzia Rashid, Federica Ramani, Fei Wang, Fernanda Igansi, Filipa Silva, Filippo Ottani, Fiona Haines, Firas Al Solaiman, Fl\ue1via Egydio, Flavio Lyra, Florian Egger, Fran Farquharson, Frances Laube, Francesc Carreras Costa, Francesca de Micco, Francesca Bianchini, Francesca Pezzetta, Francesca Pietrucci, Francesco Orso, Francesco Pisano, Francis Burt, Francisca Patuleia Figueiras, Francisco Fernandez-Aviles, Francois Pierre Mongeon, Frans Van de Werf, Franziska Guenther, Fraser N Witherow, Fred Mohr, Frederico Dall'Orto, Fumiyuki Otsuka, G De La Morena, G Karthikeyan, Gabor Dekany, Gabor Kerecsen, Gabriel Galeote, Gabriel Grossmann, Gabriel Vorobiof, Gabriela Sanchez de Souza, Gabriela Guzman, Gabriela Zeballos, Gabriele Gabrielli, Gabriele Jakl-Kotauschek, Gail A Shammas, Gail Brandt, Gang Chen, Gary E Lane, Gary J Luckasen, Gautam Sharma, Gelmina Mikolaitiene, Gennie Yee, Georg Nickenig, George E Revtyak, George J Juang, Gerald Fletcher, Gerald Leonard, Gerard Patrick Devlin, Gerard Esposito, Gergely \uc1goston, Gervasio Lamas, Geza Fontos, Ghada Mikhail, Gia Cobb, Gian Piero Perna, Gianpiero Leone, Giles Roditi, Gilles Barone-Rochette, Girish Mishra, Giuseppe Tarantini, Glenda Wong, Glenn S Hamroff, Glenn Rayos, Gong Cheng, Gonzalo Barge-Caballero, Goran Davidovi\u107, Goran Stankovic, Gordana Stevanovic, Grace Jingyan Wang, Grace M Young, Graceanne Wayser, Graciela Scaro, Graham S Hillis, Graham Wong, Grazyna Anna Szulczyk, Gregor Simonis, Gregory Kumkumian, Gretchen Ann Peichel, Grzegorz Gajos, Gudrun Steinmaurer, Guilherme G Rucatti, Guilherme Portugal, Guilhermina Cantinho Lopes, Guillem Pons Llad\uf3, Gunnar Frostfelt, Gurpreet S Wander, Gurpreet Gulati, Gustavo Pucci, Hafidz Abd Hadi, Haibo Zhang, Haitao Wang, Halina Marciniak, Han Chen, Hanan Kerr, Hani Najm, Hanna Douglas, Hannah Phillips, Hao Dai, Haojian Dong, Haqeel Jamil, Harikrishnan Sivadasanpillai, Harry Suryapranata, Hassan Reda, Hayley Pomeroy, Heather Barrentine, Heather Golden, Heather Hurlburt, Heidi Wilson, Helen C Tucker, Helene Abergel, Hemalata Siddaram, Hermine Osseni, Herwig Schuchlenz, Hesong Zeng, Hicham Skali, Hilda Solomon, Hollie Horton, Holly Hetrick, Holly Little, Holly Park, Hongjie Chi, Hossam Mahrous, Howard A Levite, Hristo Pejkov, Huajun Li, Hugo Bloise-Adames, Hugo Marques, Hui Zhong, Hui-Min Zhang, Humayrah Hashim, Hung-I Yeh, Hussien El Fishawy, Ian Webb, Iftikhar Kullo, Igor O Grazhdankin, Ihab Hamzeh, Ikraam Hassan, Ikuko Ueda, Ileana L Pina, Ilona Tamasauskiene, Ilse Bouwhuis, Imran Arif, Ina Wenzelburger, In\ueas Zimbarra Cabrita, Ines Rodrigues, Inga H Robbins, Inga Soveri, Ingela Schnittger, Iqbal Karimullah, Ira M Dauber, Iram Rehman, Irena Peovska Mitevska, Irene Marthe Lang, Irina Subbotina, Irma Kalibataite-Rutkauskiene, Irni Yusnida, Isabel Estela Carvajal, Isabella C Palazzo, Isabelle Hogan, Isabelle Roy, Ishba Syed, Ishita Tejani, Ivan A Naryshkin, Ivana Jankovic, Iwona Niedzwiecka, J David Knight, Jacek Kusmierek, Jackie M White, Jackie Chow, Jacob Udell, Jacqueline E Tamis-Holland, Jacqueline Fannon, Jacquelyn A Quin, Jacquelyn Do, Jaekyeong Heo, Jakub Maksym, James E Davies, James H O'Keefe Jr, James J Jang, James Cha, James Harrison, James Hirsch, James Stafford, James Tatoulis, Jamie Rankin, Jan Henzel, Jan Orga, Jana Tancredi, Janaina Oliveira, Jane Burton, Jane Eckstein, Jane Marucci, Janet P Knight, Janet Blount, Janet Halliday, Janetta Kourzenkova, Janitha Raj, Jan-Malte Sinning, Jaqueline Pozzibon, Jaroslaw Drozdz, Jaroslaw Karwowski, Jason D Glover, Jason Loh Kwok, Jason T Call, Jason Linefsky, Jassira Gomes, Jati Anumpa, Javier J Garcia, Javier Courtis, Jay Meisner, K Jayakumar, Jayne Scales, Jean E Denaro, Jean Michel Juliard, Jean Ho, Jeanette K Stansborough, Jean-Michel Juliard, Jeanne Russo, Jeannette J M Schoep, Jeet Thambyrajah, Jeff Leimberger, Jeffery A Breall, Jeffrey A Kohn, Jeffrey C Milliken, Jeffrey Anderson, Jeffrey Blume, Jeffrey Kanters, Jeffrey Lorin, Jeffrey Moses, Jelena J Stepanovic, Jelena Celutkiene, Jelena Djokic, Jelena Stojkovic, Jenne M Jose, Jenne Manchery, Jennifer A Mull, Jennifer H Czerniak, Jennifer L Stanford, Jennifer Gillis, Jennifer Horst, Jennifer Isaacs, Jennifer Langdon, Jennifer Thomson, Jennifer Tomfohr, Jennifer White, Jen-Yuan Kuo, Jeremy Rautureau, Jerome Fleg, Jessica Berg, Jessica Rodriguez, Jessica Waldron, Jhina Patro, Jia Li, Jiajia Mao, Jiamin Liu, Jian'an Wang, Jianhua Li, Jianxin Zhang, Jie Qi, Jihyun Lyo, Jill Marcus, Jim Blankenship, Jing Zhang, Jingjing Liu, Jing-Yao Fan, Jiun-Yi Li, Jiwan Pradhan, Jiyan Chen, J M Rivera Caravaca, Jo Evans, Joan Garcia Picart, Joan Hecht, Joanna Jaroch, Joanna Zalewska, Joanne Kelly, Joanne Taaffe, Jo\ue3o Reynaldo Abbud, Jo\ue3o V Vitola, Joaqu\uedn V Pe\uf1afiel, Jocelyne Benatar, Jody Bindeman, Joe Sabik, Joel Klitch, Johann Christopher, Johannes Aspberg, John D Friedman, John F Beltrame, John F Heitner, John Joseph Graham, John R Davies, John Doan, John Kotter, John Kurian, John Mukai, John Pownall, Jolanta Sobolewska, Jon Kobashigawa, Jonathan L Goldberg, Jonathan W Bazeley, Jonathan Byrne, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Jonathan Leipsic, Jonean Thorsen, Jorge F Trejo Gutierrez, Jorge Escobedo, Jorik Timmer, Jos\ue9 A Ortega-Ram\uedrez, Jos\ue9 Antonio Marin-Neto, Jose D Salas, Jose Enrique Castillo, Jose Francisco Saraiva, Jos\ue9 J Cuenca-Castillo, Jose L Diez, Jos\ue9 Luis Narro Villanueva, Jos\ue9 Luiz da Vieira, Jos\ue9 M Flores-Palacios, Jose Ramon Gonzalez, Jose Seijas Amigo, Jose Fragata, Josep Maria Padr\uf3, Josheph F X McGarvey Jr, Joseph Hannan, Joseph Sacco, Joseph Sweeny, Joseph Wiesel, Josephine D Abraham, Joshua P Loh, Joy Burkhardt, Joyce R White, Joyce Riestenberg-Smith, Judit Sebo, Judith L Meadows, Judith Wright, Judy Mae Foltz, Judy Hung, Judy Otis, Juergen Stumpf, Jui-Peng Tsai, Julia S Dionne, Julia de Aveiro Morata, Julie Bunke, Julie Morrow, Julio C\ue9sar Figal, Jun Fujita, Jun Jiang, Junhua Li, Junqing Yang, Juntima Euathrongchit, Jyotsna Garg, K Manjula Rani, K Preethi, Kaatje Goetschalckx, Kai Eggers, Kamalakar Surineni, Kanae Hirase, T R Kapilamoorthy, Karen Calfas, Karen Gratrix, Karen Hallett, Karen Hultberg, Karen Nugent, Karen Petrosyan, Karen Swan, Karolina Kryczka, Karolina Wojtczak-Soska, Karolina Wojtera, Karsten Lenk, Karthik Ramasamy, Katarzyna \u141uczak, Katarzyna Malinowska, Kate Pointon, Kate Robb, Katherine Martin, Kathleen Claes, Kathryn Carruthers, Kathy E Siegel, Katia Drouin, Katie Fowler-Lehman, Kavita Rawat, Kay Rowe, Keiichi Fukuda, Keith A A Fox, Ken Mahaffey, Kendra Unterbrink, Kenneth Giedd, Kerrie Van Loo, Kerry Lee, Kerstin Bonin, Kevin R Bainey, Kevin T Harley, Kevin Anstrom, Kevin Chan, Kevin Croce, Kevin Landolfo, Kevin Marzo, Keyur Patel, Khaled Abdul-Nour, Khaled Alfakih, Khaled Dajani, Khaled Ziada, Khaula Baloch, Khrystyna Kushniriuk, Kian-Keong Poh, Kim F Ireland, Kim Holland, Kimberly Ann Byrne, Kimberly E Halverson, Kimberly Elmore, Kimberly Miller-Cox, Kiran Reddy, Kirsten J Quiles, Kirsty Abercrombie, Klaus Matschke, Konrad Szymczyk, Koo Hui Chan, Kotiboinna Preethi, Kozhaya Sokhon, Krissada Meemuk, Kristian Thygesen, Kristin M Salmi, Kristin Newby, Kristina Wippler, Kristine Arges, Kristine Teoh, Krystal Etherington, Krystyna \u141oboz-Grudzie\u144, Krzysztof W Reczuch, Krzysztof Bury, Krzysztof Drzymalski, Krzysztof Kuku\u142a, Kuo-Tzu Sung, Kurt Huber, Ladda Douangvila, Lance Sullenberger, Larissa Miranda Trama, Laszlone Matics, Laura Drew, Laura Flint, Laura Keinaite, Laura Sarti, Laurel Kolakaluri, Lawrence M Phillips, Lawrence Friedman, Lawrence Phillips, Lazar Velicki, Leah Howell, Leandro C Maranan, Leanne Cox, Ledjalem Daba, Lei Zhang, Lekshmi Dharmarajan, Leo Bockeria, Leonardo Pizzol Caetano, Leonardo Bridi, Leonid L Bershtein, Leszek Sokalski, Li Hai Yan, Li Li, Lia Nijmeijer, Lidia Sousa, Lihong Xu, Lihua Zhang, Lili Zhang, Lilia Schiavi, Lilian Mazza Barbosa, Lillian L Khor, Lina Felix-Stern, Linda L Hall, Linda M Hollenweger, Linda Arcand, Linda Davidson-Ray, Linda Schwarz, Lindsey N Sikora, Lingping Chi, Lino Patricio, Liping Zhang, Lisa Chaytor, Lisa Hatch, Lisa McCloy, Lisa Wong, Liselotte Persson, Lixin Jiang, Liz Low, Ljiljana Pupic, Lo\uefc Bi\ue8re, Lorenzo Monti, Lori Christensen, Lori Pritchard, Loriane Black, Lori-Ann Desimone, Lori-Ann Larmand, Lorraine McGregor, Louise Morby, Louise Thomson, Luc Harvey, Luciana de P\ue1dua Baptista, Lucilla Garcia, Ludivine Eliahou, Ludmila Helmer, Luis F Smidt, Luis Bernanrdes, Luis Guzman, Luiz A Carvalho, Luyang Xiong, Lynette L Teo, Lynn M Neeson, Lynne Winstanley, M Barbara Srichai-Parsia, M Quintana Giner, M Sowjanya Reddy, M Vald\ue9s Ch\ue1varri, M Grazia Rossi, Maarten Simoons, Maayan Konigstein, Maciej Lesiak, Maciej Olsowka, Mafalda Selas, Magalie Corfias, Magdalena Madero Rovalo, Magdalena \u141anocha, Magdalena Miller, Magdalena Misztal-Teodorczyk, Magdalena Rantinella, Magdy Abdelhamid, Magnolia Jimenez, Mahboob Alam, Mahevamma Mylarappa, Mahfouz El Shahawy, Mahmoud Mohamed, Mahmud Al-Bustami, Majo X Joseph, Malgorzata Frach, Ma\u142gorzta Celi\u144ska-Spodar, Malte Helm, Manas Chacko, Mandy Murphy, Manitha Vinod, Manjula Rani, Manu Dhawan, Manuela Mombelli, Marcel Weber, Marcello Galvani, Marcelo Jamus Rodrigues, Marcia F Dubin, Marcia F Werner Bayer, Marcin Szkopiak, Marco Antonio Monsalve, Marco Bizzaro Santos, Marco Magnoni, Marco Marini, Marco Sicuro, Marco Zenati, Marcos Val\ue9rio Coimbra Resende, Marek Roik, Margalit Bentzvi, Margaret Gilsenan, Margaret Iraola, Margot C Quinn, Maria A Alfonso, Maria Antonieta Pereira Moraes, Mar\ueda Dolores Mart\uednez-Ru\uedz, Mar\ueda Fernanda Canales, Maria In\ueas Caetano, Maria P Corral, Maria P\ue9rez Garc\ueda, Maria Victoria Actis, Maria Aguirre, Maria Andreasson, Maria Aprile, Maria Colton, Maria Eugenia Martin, Maria Lasala, Maria Lorenzo, Maria Posada, Maria Shier, Maria Thottam, Mariana V Furtado, Mariana Yumi Okada, Marianna D A Dracoulakis, Marianne De Andrade, Mariano Rubio, Marie Essermark, Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie, Marija T Petrovic, Marija Zdravkovic, Marilyn Black, Marina Garcia, Mario J Garcia, Mariola Szulik, Marisa Orgera, Mark A de Belder, Mark Harbinson, Mark Hyun, Mark Peterson, Mark Xavier, Marlowe Mosley, Marta Capinha, Marta Marcinkiewicz-Siemion, Marta Swiderek, Martha Meyer, Martina Ceseri, Martina Tricoli, Marvin Kronenberg, Mary Williams, Mary Ann Champagne, Mary Colleen Rogge, Mary R Soltau, Mary Streif, Massimo Villella, Massoud Leesar, Matei Claudia, Mateusz Solecki, Mat\uedas Nicol\ue1s Mungo, Matthew Wall Jr, Matthew Budoff, Matthew Jezior, Matthew Luckie, Matthias Friedrich, Mauren P Haeffner, Maximilian Tscharre, Max-Paul Winter, Mayana Almeida, Mayil S Krishnam, Mayuri Patel, Meenakshi Mishra, Megan Manocchia, Meghana Kakade, Melanie J Munro, Melissa D Chaplin, Melissa LeFevre, Mervyn Andiapen, Michael A Gibson, Michael B Rubens, Michael C Turner, Michael D Shapiro, Michael W Lee, Michael Berlowitz, Michael Davidson, Michael Mack, Michael McDaniel, Michael Mumma, Michal Wlodarczyk, Michel G Khouri, Michel S Slama, Michele Rawlins, Michelle M Bonner, Michelle M Seib, Michelle Chang, Michelle Crowder, Michelle Dixon, Michelle Mayon, Michelle McEvoy, Michelle Yee, Miguel M Fernandes, Miguel Nobre Menezes, Miguel Souto Bayarri, Miguel Barrero, Mikhail T Torosoff, Milan R Dobric, Milan Dobric, Milica Nikola Dekleva, Milind Avdhoot Gadkari, Millie Gomez, Min Tun Kyaw, Miriam Brooks, Miroslav Stevo Martinovic, Mitchel B Lustre, Mohammad Tariq Vakani, Mohammad El-Hajjar, Mohammed Al-Amoodi, Mohammed Hussain, Mohammed Saleem, Mois\ue9s Blanco-Calvo, Mois\ue9s Jim\ue9nez-Santos, Mona Bhatia, Monica Rosca, Monika Laukyte, Montserrat Gracida Blanca, Montserrat Vila Perales, Mouaz H Al-Mallah, Moys\ue9s de Oliveira Filho, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Muhamed Saric, Mulei Chen, Myriam Brousseau, Myrthes Emy Takiuti, Nada Cemerlic-Adjic, Nadia Asif, Nadia Gakou, Nafisa Hussain, Nana O Katamadze, Nancy L Clapp, Nancy Aedy, Nandita Nataraj, Nanette K Wenger, Naomi Uchida, Nasrul Ismail, Natalia S Oliveira, Natalia de Carvalho Maffei, Natalie Spitzer, Natasha C Putnam, Naved Aslam, Neamat Mowafy, Neeraj Pandit, Neeraj Parakh, Nevena Garcevic, Ngaire Meadows, Nhi N Tran, Nicholas Danchin, Nicki Lakeman, Nicola Johnston, Nicolas W Shammas, Nicole Saint Vrestil, Nicole Deming, Nier Zhong, Niket Patel, Nikola N Boskovic, Nikolaos Karogiannis, Nikos Werner, Nina Johnston, Ning Zhang, Ning Zhou, Niree Hindoyan, Nirmal Kumar, Nitika Chadha, Nitish Naik, Nodira Aripova, Noloyiso Mtana, Nona A Eskelson, Noor Syamira Mokhtar, Noppon Taksaudom, Nor Asiah Basri, Nora Marchelletta, Norma Hogg, Nungshi Jungla, Nuno Ferreira, Oksana A Lubyanaya, Olga B Nikolaeva, Olga Ca\uf1avate, Olga Sobrino, Olga Walesiak, Olga Walter, Olga Zdo\u144czyk, Olivia J Lim, Olivia Anaya, Olivia Mancilla, Olivier Dubourg, Olugbenga Bello, Omar Almousalli, Omar Thompson, Oni Olurinde, Or Harel, Osama Raheem, Oscar M\ue9ndiz, 3scar Prada-Delgado, Oz Shapira, P Christian Schulze, Pachara Panpunuan, Pal Maurovich-Horvat, Pallav Garg, Paloma Moraga, Pam Singh, Pamela Julian, Pamela Ouyang, Pamela Sigel, Pamela Woodard, Panpan Zhou, Paola Emanuela Poggio, Paola Smanio, Paolo Calabro, Paramjit Jeetley, Pascal Goube, Patricia K Nguyen, Patricia Alarie, Patricia Arakelian, Patricia Arsenault, Patricia Blaise, Patricia Brito, Patricia Cowper, Patricia Endsley, Patricia Mieses, Patrick B Alexander, Patrick Donnelly, Patrick Wilmot, Patrycja Lebioda, Paul C Gordon, Paul Der Mesropian, Paul Galiwango, Paul Hauptman, Paul Kennedy, Paula Beardsley, Paula Garc\ueda-Gonz\ue1lez, Paulo Cury Rezende, Paulo Ricardo Caramori, Pavel S Kozlov, Pedro Canas Silva, Pedro Gabriel Melo Barros E Silva, Pedro P\uedccaro de Oliveira, Pedro Carvalho, Pedro Modas, Pedro Rio, Peeyush Jain, Peiyu He, Peter A McCullough, Peter H Stone, Peter M Pollak, Peter Douglass, Peter Henriksen, Peter OKane, Peter Ong, Philip Jones, Philip Rogal, Philippe G\ue9n\ue9reux, Philippe Menasche, Philippe Rheault, Phoebe Goold, Pierre Gervais, Pierre Michaud, Pilar Calvillo, Ping Chai, Piotr Jakubowski, Piotr Pruszczyk, Piotr Slomka, Piyamitr Sritara, Poay-Huan Loh, Poonam Sonawane, Pouneh Samadi, Pragnesh P Parikh, Prakash Deedwania, Pranav M Patel, Praneeth Polamuri, Pratiksha Sharma, Precilia Vasquez, Preeti Kamath, Prince Thomas, Priyadarshani Arambam, Puja K 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Ziliang Bai, Zixiang Yu, Zohra Huda, Zoltan Davidovits
- Jeffries N.O.
- John Mancini G.B.
- Keltai M.
- Kirby R.
- Kohsaka S.
- Krishnan M.N.
- Kwong R.Y.
- Lopes R.D.
- Lopez-Sendon J.
- Maggioni A.P.
- Mark D.B.
- Maron D.J.
- Mavromatis K.
- Mavromichalis S.
- Miller T.D.
- Min J.K.
- Moorthy N.
- Newman J.D.
- O'Brien S.M.
- Peteiro J.
- Picard M.H.
- Reynolds H.R.
- Rockhold F.W.
- Rosenberg Y
- Ruzyllo W.
- Selvanayagam J.B.
- Senior R.
- Shaw L.J.
- Sidhu M.S.
- Spertus J.A.
- Stone G.W.
- Szwed H.
- White H.D.
- Williams D.O.
- Publication venue
- 'Massachusetts Medical Society'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
BACKGROUND Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, whether clinical outcomes are better in those who receive an invasive intervention plus medical therapy than in those who receive medical therapy alone is uncertain. METHODS We randomly assigned 5179 patients with moderate or severe ischemia to an initial invasive strategy (angiography and revascularization when feasible) and medical therapy or to an initial conservative strategy of medical therapy alone and angiography if medical therapy failed. The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for unstable angina, heart failure, or resuscitated cardiac arrest. A key secondary outcome was death from cardiovascular causes or myocardial infarction. RESULTS Over a median of 3.2 years, 318 primary outcome events occurred in the invasive-strategy group and 352 occurred in the conservative-strategy group. At 6 months, the cumulative event rate was 5.3% in the invasive-strategy group and 3.4% in the conservative-strategy group (difference, 1.9 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8 to 3.0); at 5 years, the cumulative event rate was 16.4% and 18.2%, respectively (difference, 121.8 percentage points; 95% CI, 124.7 to 1.0). Results were similar with respect to the key secondary outcome. The incidence of the primary outcome was sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction; a secondary analysis yielded more procedural myocardial infarctions of uncertain clinical importance. There were 145 deaths in the invasive-strategy group and 144 deaths in the conservative-strategy group (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.32). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, we did not find evidence that an initial invasive strategy, as compared with an initial conservative strategy, reduced the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events or death from any cause over a median of 3.2 years. The trial findings were sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction that was used